Citation:

Higuchi, M. AND D. Davies. INHALATION TOXICOLOGY OF RED AND VIOLET MIXTURES - CHAMBER CONCENTRATION AND PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION REPORT. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/1-91/003 (NTIS PB91211854), 1991.

Description:

An inhalation exposure facility was developed at the U.S. EPA, RTP, NC to conduct inhalation exposures of rodents and guinea pigs to dye mixtures used by the U.S. Army in the manufacture of smoke munitions. nitially, an evaluation of the prototype chamber aerosol homogeneity was conducted to determine the uniformity and reproducibility of the concentration and particle size of dye aerosol throughout the breathing zone of the test animals (Davies, et al.). he three dyes, DR11, SR1, and DB3, were chemically analyzed for purity and optically examined for size and shape. All pure dyes appeared to be stable at room temperature except DB3, which decomposes if not stored at 4 degrees C. he particle size ranges varied for each pure dye and structures were either amorphous (azo dye) or crystalline (anthraquinone dyes). he bulk red and violet dye mixtures were analyzed for composition. he chemical analysis of the relative composition of each dye mixture, collected by cascade impactor sampling, revealed fractionation of the mixtures into component dyes. he particle size distribution results indicated that the aerosolized RDM had formed a trimodal distribution with MMADs of 0.203, 2.10, and 10.3 um and with corresponding ogs of 1.44, 1.82, and 1.10 um. hamber distribution testing demonstrated that all chambers for both dye mixtures were within or close to acceptable limits for homogeneity of concentrations within the breathing zone of the animal.

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