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REGULATION OF SLUDGE DISPOSAL THROUGH APPLICATION OF RISK ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES
Citation:
Dawson, G., C. English, AND L. Fradkin. REGULATION OF SLUDGE DISPOSAL THROUGH APPLICATION OF RISK ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/D-89/030 (NTIS PB89223895), 1989.
Description:
Risk-based methodologies are developed to establish criteria for regulating contaminant concentrations in sewage sludge for various disposal options. he paper describes the methodology developed for landfilling. he methodology is structured into three tiers. he first tier compares the results of an extraction test to health-based criteria. f the extract concentration for a contaminant is below the criteria, no further analysis is required. f the concentration exceeds the criteria, a Tier 2 or 3 analysis is required. iers 2 and 3 are based on application of analytical models to predict groundwater and vapor contaminant levels at the landfill property boundary. ier 2 uses some site-specific data, such as hydraulic conductivity and soil type, along with literature values for adsorption and degradation. n Tier 3, site-specific field and laboratory studies are conducted to refine estimates of physical and chemical parameters affecting contaminant transport. he paper describes the algorithms and models employed to simulate each element and the input data required.
