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TOXICITY OF PARTICLES EMITTED FROM COMBUSTION OF WASTE CRANKCASE OIL: IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDIES
Citation:
Mumford, J., G. Hatch, R. Hall, M. Jackson, AND R. Merrill. TOXICITY OF PARTICLES EMITTED FROM COMBUSTION OF WASTE CRANKCASE OIL: IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDIES. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-86/175 (NTIS PB87115119), 1986.
Description:
The ever-rising cost of energy provides incentives for the utilization of waste crankcase oil (WCO) for space heating. The potential health hazards of emissions and waste products resulting from the combustion of WCO are unknown. The toxicity of the emission particles and waste products from two different types of burners, a Dravo atomizing oil burner (AOB) and a Kroll vaporizing oil burner (VOB), are evaluated using automotive WCO. Samples are characterized by performing elemental analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The toxicity of AOB emission particles, VOB emission particles, and VOB waste residue is evaluated in three bioassay systems, i.e., a rabbit alveolar macrophage cytotoxicity in vitro assay, an intratracheal injection infectivity assay, and a peritoneal irritancy test in mice. Emission particles from both burners are comparable in overall potency to the most toxic combustion particles tested previously, with the exception of AOB particles in the infectivity assay.