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HOME AIR NICOTINE LEVELS AND URINE COTININE-CREATININE RATIOS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Citation:
Henderson, F., H. Reid, R. Morris, O. Wang, P. Hu, R. Helms, L. Forehand, J. Mumford, J. Lewtas, N. Haley, AND K. Hammond. HOME AIR NICOTINE LEVELS AND URINE COTININE-CREATININE RATIOS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-89/440 (NTIS PB91109322), 1989.
Description:
We studied urine cotinine excretion in 27 children who attended a research day care center to determine the extent of correlation between urine cotinine-creatinine ratios (CCR) and intensity of nicotine exposure in the home. verage nicotine levels in home air were determined by active air sailing during the evening and night hours on two consecutive days. verage samples for cotinine and creatinine determinations was collected before, during, and after the two sampling periods. n addition, four sequential weekly urine samples for CCR were obtained from study children to determine the extent to which single determinations of CCR were representative for individual children. ifteen children resided in homes with smokers and 12 did not. rine CCR consistently distinguished most exposed and unexposed children. owever, three exposed children had urine CCR's which clustered routinely around the borderline CCR (30 ng/mg cotinine-creatinine) used to distinguish exposed and unexposed children. n children exposed to environmental tobacco smoke in the home, there was a significant correlation between average home air nicotine levels and the logarithm of urine CCR the mornings following the home air monitoring periods (r = 0.57; p = 0.004). n study children, urine CCR's were remarkable stable over the one month observation period. ank correlation coefficients for sequential weekly determinations of CCR were consistently greater than r = 0.89; p < 0.001.
