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EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES FOR HUMANS AND ECOSYSTEMS
Citation:
Vallero, D. EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES FOR HUMANS AND ECOSYSTEMS. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/A-94/252 (NTIS PB95148631), 1994.
Description:
Scientists and risk assessment experts are developing approaches to estimate exposure of human populations and ecosystems to environmental contaminants. cological scientists are exploring methodologies for estimating the exposure of ecosystems and their subdivisions to environmental stresses, while risk analysts are investigating approaches for estimating exposures to contaminants which could affect human health. xposure assessment methods vary significantly, depending upon factors, such as the scale of the exposure, the measurement focus, and whether the measurements are actual expressions of exposure or part of an algorithm to indicate exposure. he paper discusses the elements of ecological and human exposure assessment methodologies. he Nonoccupational pesticide Exposure Study provides an example of multiple pathway exposure assessment. cosystem and human exposure assessment paradigms are compared and contrasted with regard to the level of biological organization, source-receptor relationships, biomarkers, dose, pollutant characteristics, and modeling.
