You are here:
VIRAL ANTIBODIES IN AGRICULTURAL POPULATIONS EXPOSED TO AEROSOLS FROM WASTEWATER IRRIGATION DURING A VIRAL DISEASE OUTBREAK
Citation:
Fattal, B., M. Margalith, H. Shuval, Y. Wax, AND A. Morag. VIRAL ANTIBODIES IN AGRICULTURAL POPULATIONS EXPOSED TO AEROSOLS FROM WASTEWATER IRRIGATION DURING A VIRAL DISEASE OUTBREAK. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-87/125 (NTIS PB88144332), 1987.
Description:
The presence of antibodies to eight enteroviruses (ecovirus types 4, 7, and 9, coxsackievirus types A9, B1, B3, B4 and hepatitis A virus (HAY)) and Varicella-zoster virus was determined during a two-year period, 1980/1981 in paired blood samples of 777 persons in selected agricultural communities (kibbutzim) in Israel. These communities were divided into several categories on the basis of wastewater utilization for sprinkler irrigation and/or fishponds. Among the nine viral antibodies studied, there was a consistent and significant excess of antibodies against Echovirus 4 only, particularly in the 0-5 year-old age group, in kibbutzim which had been exposed to aerosols from sprinkler irrigation with partially treated wastewater from nearby towns. (Copyright (c) 1987 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health.)