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IMPROVED PREDICTION OF BENDING PLUMES
Citation:
Frick, W., D. Baumgartner, AND C. Fox. IMPROVED PREDICTION OF BENDING PLUMES. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-95/233, 1994.
Description:
Integral plume models harbor a fundamental, often significant error because the standard implementation of control volumes, or elements, is inconsistent with the overall geometry of the problem. he error, called negative volume anomaly, occurs irregularly, being contingent on there being strong bending and large plume diameter. hen present it causes entrainment, i.e., dilution, to be overestimated. t is of practical significance because dilution estimates are used to design and assess diffusers. he anomaly arises when constructed round element faces intersect, as they do when plume diameters are large and plume bending is pronounced, inadvertently generating negative volume and a faulty integration of the governing equations. odified control volume is proposed to correct the error, and its performance is demonstrated. ts development yields clues to other plume behavior, for example, how plume trajectories may respond to the asymmetrical addition of mass and its distribution in the element.