You are here:
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS: VOLUME VIII. ALUMINA/ALUMINUM INDUSTRY REPORT
Citation:
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS: VOLUME VIII. ALUMINA/ALUMINUM INDUSTRY REPORT. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/7-76/034h.
Description:
This study assesses the likelihood of new process technology and new practices being introduced by energy intensive industries and explores the environmental impacts of such changes. Volume 8 deals with the alumina/aluminum industry. The report examines three new process developments for producing alumina from domestic clays as alternatives to the Bayer process: (1) nitric acid leaching process, (2) hydrochloric acid leaching process, (3) clay chlorination (such as the Toth alumina process), and two process changes for the production of aluminum: (1) the Alcoa chloride electrolysis process and (2) the application of titanium diboride cathodes to the conventional Hall-Heroult cells. All of these alternatives are discussed in terms of relative process economics and environmental/energy consequences.