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CHRONIC TOXICITY OF CHLORDANE, TRIFLURALIN, AND PENTACHLOROPHENOL TO SHEEPSHEAD MINNOWS (CYPRINODON VARIEGATUS)
Citation:
Parrish, P., E. Dyar, J. Enos, AND W. Wilson. CHRONIC TOXICITY OF CHLORDANE, TRIFLURALIN, AND PENTACHLOROPHENOL TO SHEEPSHEAD MINNOWS (CYPRINODON VARIEGATUS). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/3-78/010.
Description:
Sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) were exposed to three chemicals--chlordane, trifluralin, or pentachlorophenol--in flowing, natural seawater to determine acute and chronic (full life-cycle effects). Mortality of parental fish exposed to mean measured chlordane concentrations > or - 2.8 micrograms/l was significantly greater than that of control fish. Hatch of juveniles from embryos of parental fish exposed to > or - 0.8 micrograms/l was significantly less than hatch of control juveniles. The estimated maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC) was >0.5<0.8 micrograms/l and the application factor (AF) limits, 0.04-0.06. Exposure to mean measured trifluralin concentrations > or - 9.6 micrograms/l significantly decreased growth of parental fish. Fecundity of parental fish exposed to concentrations > or - 4.8 micrograms/l was significantly less than that of control fish. Survival and growth of second generation fish were significantly less than the control in concentrations > or - 9.6 micrograms/l. The estimated MATC was >1.3<4.8 micrograms/l and the AF limits, 0.007-0.025. Mortality of parental sheepshead minnows exposed to mean measured pentachlorophenol concentrations >88 micrograms/l was significantly greater than mortality of control fish. The estimated MATC was >47<88 micrograms/l and the AF limits, 0.11-0.20.