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AMMONIA EFFECTS ON MICROINVERTEBRATES AND FISH IN OUTDOOR EXPERIMENTAL STREAMS
Citation:
Hermanutz, R., S. Hedtke, J. Arthur, R. Andrew, AND K. Allen. AMMONIA EFFECTS ON MICROINVERTEBRATES AND FISH IN OUTDOOR EXPERIMENTAL STREAMS. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-87/291 (NTIS PB88185160).
Description:
Laboratory data on ammonia effects, the US EPA national water quality criteria for ammonia, and ammonia site-specific criteria were evaluated in four outdoor experimental streams (one control and three treatment streams) over a 76-week period. Calculated un-ionized ammonia concentrations varied daily and seasonally according to pH and temperature changes. Populations of four major microinvertebrate taxonomic groups (cladocerans, copepods, rotifers and protozoans) were monitored during a 4-week period early in the study, and six fish species (fathead minnows, bluegills, channel catfish, white suckers, walleyes, and rainbow trout) were tested for various time intervals, from 4 to 26 weeks, throughout the 76-week study period. (Copyright (c) Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Ltd, England, 1987.)