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SYSTEMATIC SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY FOR EVALUATING COMBINED BIOLOGICAL/GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON TREATMENT PROCESSES
Citation:
Safferman, S., S. Baud-Grasset, K. Brackett, P. Clark, AND P. Bishop. SYSTEMATIC SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY FOR EVALUATING COMBINED BIOLOGICAL/GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON TREATMENT PROCESSES. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-94/088.
Description:
A semi-quantitative scanning electron microscope (SEK) analytical technique has been developed to examine granular activated carbon (GAC) utilized as media for biomass attachment in liquid waste treatment (combined processes). he procedure allows for the objective monitoring, comparing, and trouble shooting of combined processes by direct visual examination of the biomass's attachment characteristics by rating key criteria that has been found to have the greatest effect on the process's performance. hese criteria include the smoothness of the carbon, the quantity, type, and position of the biomass, and the amount of unidentifiable material. et of instructions along with a set of reference photographs that illustrate the rating scale of each criterion were developed as was a standard data recording form. o verify the usefulness and quality of the technique, several researchers rated samples from a variety of bioreactors and found good agreement with each other's ratings and the reactor's operating condition.