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LABORATORY TEST METHODS OF EXPOSURE TO MICROBIAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS BY THE RESPIRATORY ROUTE TO NON-TARGET AVIAN SPECIES
Citation:
Driver, C., L. Smith, J. Briant, P. Voris, A. Fairbrother, AND P. Buchholz. LABORATORY TEST METHODS OF EXPOSURE TO MICROBIAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS BY THE RESPIRATORY ROUTE TO NON-TARGET AVIAN SPECIES. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/3-90/070 (NTIS PB90270596).
Description:
Microbial pest control agents (MPCAs) are microorganisms applied to agricultural and silvacultural environments to control proliferation and spread of insect or plant pests. uring application, it is likely that nontarget plants and animals are exposed to MPCAs. ollowing extensive experimentation, interim protocols were developed using oral and intravenous administration of the agent to the two test species (mallard and bobwhite). hese protocols are suitably designed to demonstrate pathogenicity of a microorganism in the test bird species and illustrate the potential for differences in species susceptibility. his report deals with protocols developed to evaluate the respiratory route of exposure. espiratory exposure can be simulated by intratracheal (IT) instillation or aerosol inhalation. he pattern of deposition of microorganisms within the respiratory tract of a bird by IT instillation is quite different from inhalation of an aerosol. herefore, both exposure methods were evaluated. ost-effective, head-only aerosol chamber was designed and constructed. hese experiments showed that more sensitive and realistic assessments can be economically and safely obtained using an aerosol exposure chamber, and it is recommended that this method be substituted for the intratracheal instillation method in the interim protocols.
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LABORATORY TEST METHODS OF EXPOSURE TO MICROBIAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS BY THE RESPIRATORY ROUTE TO NON-TARGET AVIAN SPECIES