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ACUTE TOXICITIES OF SELECTED HEAVY METALS TO THE SOFTSHELL CLAM, 'MYA ARENARIA'
Citation:
Eisler, R. ACUTE TOXICITIES OF SELECTED HEAVY METALS TO THE SOFTSHELL CLAM, 'MYA ARENARIA'. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-77/150 (NTIS PB295383).
Description:
Static acute toxicity bioassays with adult softshell clams and salts of copper, cadmium, zinc, lead, manganese, and nickel were conducted at 30 o/oo salinity and 22C. Concentrations fatal to 50% in 168 hours, in mg/l (ppm) metal added at start, were 0.035 for Cu, 0.150 for Cd, 1.55 for Zn, 8.80 for Pb, 300.0 for Mn, and >50.0 for Ni. Additional tests were conducted with Zn2+ and Cu2+ at 30 o/oo during fall (17.5C) and winter (4C); clams displayed increasing survival with decreasing temperature. For Cu, LC-50 (336 hr) values at 17C and 4C were 0.086 and >3.00 mg/l, respectively; for Zn these were 2.65 and >25.0, respectively.