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MOSQUITO CONTROL PESTICIDES: ADVERSE IMPACTS TO FRESHWATER AQUATIC AND MARINE ORGANISMS
Citation:
Clark, J. MOSQUITO CONTROL PESTICIDES: ADVERSE IMPACTS TO FRESHWATER AQUATIC AND MARINE ORGANISMS. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/A-92/122 (NTIS PB92195890).
Description:
Most of the toxicity information available for evaluating potential effects of mosquito control chemicals on non-target aquatic biota comes from acute lethality tests of 24- to 96-hr duration. These studies generally show that insecticides are more toxic to aquatic invertebrates than fishes. rustaceans, in particular, are extremely sensitive to mosquito control insecticides due to their close phylogenetic relationships with insects. ffects of longer- term exposures-on survival and growth or studies that quantify other sublethal effects are available only for selected, standard laboratory test species for some chemicals. ield studies conducted by our laboratory following operational insecticide applications have shown that exposures are of shorter duration and of lesser concentration than those used for worst-case scenarios in screening-level environmental risk assessments. owever, long-term effects of repeated applications or cumulative effects of multiple-chemical treatments have not been adequately assessed in the field.