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EVALUATION OF AN AZO AND TWO ANTHRAQUINONE DYES FOR ALLERGIC POTENTIAL
Citation:
Sailstad, D., J. Tepper, D.L. Doerfler, M. Qasim, AND M. Selgrade. EVALUATION OF AN AZO AND TWO ANTHRAQUINONE DYES FOR ALLERGIC POTENTIAL. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-95/042, 1994.
Description:
Two dye mixtures and the individual component dyes were evaluated for the potential to Induce contact or pulmonary hypersensitivity. hese dye mixtures were suspect because of anecdotal reports of both pulmonary and contact hypersensitivity in assembly workers, and because the component dyes were structurally related to dyes known to be contact sensitizers. ne mixture consisted of disperse blue 3 (DB3) and disperse red 11 (DR11), which are anthraquinones, and the other mixture contained DR11 and solvent red 1 (SR1), an azo dye. ontact hypersensitivity was examined using the Local Lymph Nods Assay (LLNA) and the Mouse Ear Swelling Teat (MEST). oth the MEST and the LLNA Indicated that SR1 has weak contact-sensitizing potential. one of the other individual dye compounds or the two mixtures were identified as contact sensitizers by either method. o evaluate the mixtures as potential pulmonary allergens, guinea pigs were repeatedly exposed by Inhalation (300 Mg/M3; 6 hm/day) 5 d or I week. eekly exposures were repeated three times with 2 weeks of nonexposure time In between. uinea pigs were then challenged through the jugular vein using a dye-dimethylsulfoxide mixture. uring the challenge, breathing mechanics (dynamic compliance and resistance) were measured In mechanically ventilated animal Changes In these measurements, Indicative of bronchoconstriction, were not observed In animals exposed to either dye mixture, nor were antibodies detected In the sera of exposed animals using individual dye-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. n conclusion, two methods indicate that SR1 may have contact-sensitizing potential. here was no Indication of contact-sensitizing potential for either DB3 or DR11 and no evidence that any of the dyes caused pulmonary hypersensitivity.