Citation:

Hutchins, S., W. Downs, J. Wilson, G. Smith, D. Kovacs, D. Fine, R. Douglas, AND D. Hendrix. EFFECT OF NITRATE ADDITION ON BIORESTORATION OF FUEL-CONTAMINATED AQUIFER: FIELD DEMONSTRATION. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-91/241 (NTIS PB92110444), 1991.

Description:

A spill of JP-4 jet fuel at the U.S. Coast Guard Air Station in Traverse City, Michigan, contaminated a water-table aquifer. n infiltration gallery (30 ft X 30 ft) was installed above a section of the aquifer containing 700 gal JP-4. urge wells recirculated three million gallons of ground water per week through the infiltration gallery at a rate designed to raise the water table above the contaminated interval. round water containing ambient concentrations was first recirculated for 40 days. oncentrations of benzene in monitoring wells beneath the infiltration gallery were reduced from 760 to <1 ug/l. oncentrations of toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xylene, and o-xylene were reduced from 4500 to 17,840 to 44,2600 to 490, and 1400 to 260 ug/l, respectively. Average core concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xylene, and o-xylene were reduced from 0.84 to 0.032,33 to 0.13,18 to 0.36,58 to 7.4,-and 26 to 3.2 mg/kg, respectively. Ground water amended with nitrate (10 mg/l nitrate-nitrogen) and nutrients was then recirculated for 76 days. inal core concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xylene and o-xylene were 0.017,0.036,0.019,0.059, and 0.27 mg/k, respectively. Final aqueous concentrations were <1 ug/l for benzene and toluene, 6 ug/l for ethylbenzene, and 20 to 40 ug/l for the xylene isomers, in good agreement with predicted values based on residual fuel content and partitioning theory. lthough alkylbenzene concentrations have been substantially reduced, the test plot is still contaminated with the weathered fuel. ased on stoichiometry, approximately 10 times more nitrate was consumed than could be accounted for by BTX degradation alone, indicating that other compounds were also degraded under denitrifying conditions.

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