Citation:

Kreitler, C., M. Akhter, AND A. Donnelly. HYDROLOGIC-HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TEXAS FRIO FORMATION USED FOR DEEP-WELL INJECTION OF CHEMICAL WASTES. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-90/257 (NTIS PB91144899), 1990.

Description:

Hydrologic-hydrochemical investigations were conducted to determine the long-term fate of hazardous chemical waste disposed in the Texas Gulf Coast Tertiary formations by deep-well injection. he study focused on the hydrostatic section of the Frio Formation because it is the host of a very large volume of injected waste and because large databases of formation pressures and water chemistry are available. hree hydrologic regimes exist within the Frio Formation: hallow fresh to moderately saline water section in the upper 3,000 to 4,000 ft (914 to 1,219 m): n underlying 4,000- to 5,000-ft-thick (1,219 to 1,524-m) section with moderate to high salinities: nd a deeper overpressured section with moderate to high salinities. he upper two sections are normally pressured and reflect either fresh-water or brine hydrostatic pressure gradients. eopressured conditions are encountered as shallow as 6,000 ft (1,829 m). he complexity of the hydrologic environment is enhanced due to extensive depressurization in the 4,000- to 8,000-ft-depth (1,219 to 2,438-m) interval, which presumably results from the estimated prediction of over 10 billion barrels (208 x 10 6 m 3) of oil equivalent and associated brines from the Frio in the past 50 yrs. ecause of the higher fluid density and general depressurization in the brine hydrostatic section, upward migration of these brines to shallow fresh ground waters should not occur. epressured oil and gas fields, however, may become sinks for the injected chemical wastes.

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