Citation:

Bruckner, J., W. MacKenzie, R. Ramanathan, S. Muralidhara, H. Kim, AND C. Dallas. ORAL TOXICITY OF 1,3-DICHLOROPROPANE: ACUTE, SHORT-TERM, AND LONG-TERM STUDIES IN RATS. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-89/194 (NTIS PB90140831), 1989.

Description:

The objective of this investigation was to characterize the acute and short- and long-term toxic potency of orally administered 1,2-dichloropropane (DCP). In the acute and short-term studies, male rats of 250-300 g were gavaged with 0, 100, 250, 500, or 1000 mg DCP/kg in corn oil once daily for up to 10 consecutive days. lthough ingestion of DCP caused body weight loss andCNS depression, few other toxic effects were manifest 24 hr after a single dose of the chemical. orphological changes were limited to liver centrilobular cells in 500 and 1000 mg/kg rats. imilarly, elevated activity of some serum enzymes occurred only at these two highest dose levels. epatic nonprotein sulfhydryl (NPS) levels were decreased and renal NPS levels increased at 24 hr. In the short-term study resistance developed to DCP hepatotoxicity over the 10 consecutive days of exposure, as reflected by progressively lower serum enzyme levels and by decreases in the severity and incidence of toxic hepatitis and periporial vacuolization. ucleolar enlargement in hepatocytes, however, was observed at all dosage levels at 5 and 10 days. here were a number of manifestations of hemolytic anemia, including erthrophagocytosis in the liver, splenic hemosiderosis and hyperplasia of erythropoietic elements of the red pulp, renal tubular cell hemosiderosis, and hyperbilirubinemia. rinalyses and hissopathology revealed no evidence of nephrotoxicity. In the long-term study, male rats initially weighing 180-200 g were gavaged five times weekly for up to 13 weeks with 0, 100, 250, 500 or 750 mg DCP/kg. s over one-half the 750 mg/kg group died within 10 days, the survivors were sacrificed.

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