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INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE MODULATION OF LIVER ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLATION BY CHLOROFORM, A BY-PRODUCT OF THE DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION PROCESS
Citation:
DeAngelo, A.B. INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE MODULATION OF LIVER ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLATION BY CHLOROFORM, A BY-PRODUCT OF THE DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION PROCESS. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/1-90/008 (NTIS PB90259664), 1990.
Description:
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is the largest source of indoor air pollution and is also the major combustion source contributing to total human exposure to mutagens and carcinogens. his report provides specific data on human exposure to ETS using biochemical and mutagenesis bioassay measures as well as physical/chemical markers of exposure. ontrolled laboratory chamber studies were used to determine ETS emission factors for mutagenic activity using three bioassays. he emission factors for alkenes (e.g., l,3-butadiene) and aldehydes (e.g., formaldehyde), which are either known or potential carcinogens, are also reported for the first time in these papers. uman exposure concentrations and dosimetry are reported and compared under both controlled chamber and actual indoor environmental conditions. icotine exposure and its major metabolite, cotinine, have been found to be useful quantitative and semiquantitative measures of human exposure and dosimetry. he relationship between nicotine exposure and urinary cotinine excretion has been studied in preschool children exposed in their homes and in adults exposed on commercial airline flights. ir monitoring studies in residences and public indoor areas using both nicotine and mutagenic activity have demonstrated that separation of smokers into separate areas does not achieve an ETS free or genuine nonsmoking area unless there is both physical separation and separate ventillation. his data provides information to Congress as mandated by the Indoor Air Program and to OAR for information needed in developing policy and guidance information which will be provided to the public, local, state, and national governmental agencies and other specific groups (e.g., ventillation engineers, etc.) on how to achieve indoor air quality.