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Exposure of Mammalian Cells to Air-Pollutant Mixtures at the Air-Liquid Interface
Citation:
Zavala-Mendez, J., R. Greenan, B. Chorley, N. Hanley, Todd Krantz, C. King, L. Walsh, A. Ledbetter, D. DeMarini, P. White, M. Higuchi, AND Ian Gilmour. Exposure of Mammalian Cells to Air-Pollutant Mixtures at the Air-Liquid Interface. Society of Toxicology Meeting, San Diego, CA, March 23 - 27, 2015.
Impact/Purpose:
This abstract will be presented at the Society of Toxicology Meeting, March 23-27, 2015, San Diego, CA
Description:
It has been widely accepted that exposure of mammalian cells to air-pollutant mixtures at the air-liquid interface is a more realistic approach than exposing cell under submerged conditions. The VITROCELL systems, are commercially available systems for air-liquid interface exposures. The VITROCELL® 6 CF system was used to expose BEAS-2B cells to diesel exhaust (DE), smog,and ozone (03) for 1hour. Markers of cytotoxicity, inflammation,and oxidative stress were assessed at 6 and 24 hours post exposure. In order to use the system, extensive modifications to the aerosol delivery system were required to improve temperature and humidity control. DE particulate matter concentrations ranged from 0.5-2.0 mg/m3. No cytotoxicity or inflammation was observed, whereas levels of Hmox-1 were elevated at the highest concentrations for the 6 and 24 hours post-exposure. Cells were exposed to a simulated smog atmosphere (325 ug/m3 SOA,O.llppm 03, and 0.17ppm NOx) generated using the EPA's Mobile Reaction Chamber. For this atmosphere, significant increases in IL-8 and TNF-a were observed at 6 hours post-exposure. Finally, cells were exposed to 03 concentrations of 0.5,1, 2.5, and 5ppm. Significant cytotoxicity (measured by LDH release) and inflammation (measured by IL-6 and IL-8) was observed only at concentrations of 5 ppm. These results indicate that, with respect to the conditions examined, high concentrations of DE and 03 were needed to induce adverse effects, while lower concentrations of a reacted atmosphere were sufficient. A new in-house in vitro exposure system that accommodates 6-well and 24-well platforms is being developed to improve the delivery of both gas- and particle-phase pollutants to the cells. [Abstract does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. EPA.]