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HEPATOCARCINOGENICITY OF CHLORAL HYDRATE, 2-CHLOROACETALDEHYDE, AND DICHLOROACETIC ACID IN THE MALE B6C3F1 MOUSE
Citation:
Daniel, F., A.B. DeAngelo, J. Stover, G. Olson, AND N. Page. HEPATOCARCINOGENICITY OF CHLORAL HYDRATE, 2-CHLOROACETALDEHYDE, AND DICHLOROACETIC ACID IN THE MALE B6C3F1 MOUSE. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-92/337.
Description:
Chloral hydrate (CH) and 2-chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) have been identified as chlorination by-products in drinking water. oth chemicals are genotoxic, but their carcinogenic potential had not been adequately tested. hese bioassays were conducted using male B6C3F1 mice exposed to 1 g/L CH and 0.1 g/L CAA in the drinking water for 104 weeks. istilled water served as the control; dichloroacetic acid (DCA; 0.5 g/L) was included. ean daily doses of 166 mg/kg/day for CH, 17 mg/kg/day for CAA and 88 mg/kg/day for DCA were measured. ortality, body weight, organ weight, gross pathology, and histopathology were examined. he primary target organ was the liver since the organ weights and pathologic changes in other organs were comparable between treated and untreated groups. iver weights were increased for all chemicals at terminal sacrifice with the greatest increases seen in the CH and DCA groups. iver necrosis was induced by all test chemicals, but was most severe in the CH and DCA groups. ignificant increase in the prevalence of liver tumors was seen for all chemicals. or DCA 63% of the mice had carcinomas and 43% had adenomas. he combined prevalence for both neoplasm was 75%. or CH, the prevalence for carcinomas, adenomas, and combined tumors was 46%, 29%, and 71% respectively. or CAA and H20 groups the prevalences were 31%, 8% and 38% (CAA) and 10%, 5% and 15% (H20) respectively. yperplastic nodules, preneoplastic lesions occurred in all trated group, but not in the water control.