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EFFECTS OF PHOSGENE EXPOSURE ON BACTERIAL VIRAL AND NEOPLASTIC LUNG DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY IN MICE
Citation:
Selgrade, M., D. Starnes, J. Illing, M. Daniels, AND J. Graham. EFFECTS OF PHOSGENE EXPOSURE ON BACTERIAL VIRAL AND NEOPLASTIC LUNG DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY IN MICE. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-89/225 (NTIS PB90146051).
Description:
The effects of phosgene inhalation exposure on host resistance models representative of bacterial, viral, and neoplastic lung diseases were assessed. ingle 4 h exposure to concentrations of phosgene of 0.025 ppm and above significantly enhanced mortality due to aerosol infection with streptococcus zooepidimicus and significantly increased the number of 816 melanoma tumors which developed in the lungs of mice following intravenous inoculation of syngeneic tumor cells. n contrast, 5 daily 4 h exposures to 0.5 ppm phosgene did not affect mortality following infection with influenza virus. Bacteria recovered from lavage fluid of mice exposed to 0.05 ppm for 4 h increased between 3 and 48 h post infection while bacteria recovered from lavage fluid of air-exposed mice declined to nearly undetectable levels. oncentrations of phosgene 10-fold higher than the lowest observable effect concentration for streptococcus susceptibility had little or no effect on alveolar macrophage phagocytic activity or on total cells recovered, viability, or differential cell counts in lavage fluid obtained shortly after exposure. When exposure time was increased from 4 to 8 h, significant effects on mortality due to streptococcus infection were observed at 0.01 ppm but effect on the B16 tumor model were not observed below 0.025 ppm in phosgene. he data indicate that exposure to phosgene concentrations equal to 1-25% of the current TLV (0.1 ppm) significantly enhanced susceptibility to bacterial and tumor disease in mice.