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CHRONIC TOXICITY OF 1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE IN FISCHER 344 RATS
Citation:
Reddy, T V., G. R. Olson, B E. Wiechman, G. Reddy, J. A. Torsella, F B. Daniel, AND G. J. Leach. CHRONIC TOXICITY OF 1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE IN FISCHER 344 RATS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY 20(2):59-67, (2001).
Impact/Purpose:
This project has three overall goals: 1) To develop efficacious methods for quantitative assessment of riparian resources at a both local and watershed scales; 2) to examine land use elements, at various scales as regulators of both water quality and biological integrity in freshwater streams, and 3) to elucidate the potential of riparian corridors to ameliorate various stressor impacts from the surrounding catchment.
Approach
-FY00 Activities The field sampling conducted in the first year will be repeated for all of the sub-watershed sites in the second year. Using the sub-watershed boundaries determined via the hydrologic models the landscape metrics for each sub-watershed will be developed. Likewise the high resolution land cover data for the riparian corridors will be developed from the digitized aerial photography.
-FY01 Activities The field sampling conducted in the years one and two will be repeated for all of the sub-watershed sites in year three. The field data from all three years will be combined to develop the indices of water quality and biotic integrity for the sub-watersheds. The stream quality and land cover data from the watershed catchment area and the riparian corridor will be correlated using a series of step-wise, multistage, linear regression models. Individual features of stream quality will be related to various riparian land cover parameters and other land use elements in the watershed as a whole. Statistical analysis will be completed.
-FY02 Activities Final reports and manuscripts for submission to the peer reviewed scientific literature will be prepared.
Description:
The chronic toxicity of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) in male and female Fischer 344 (F344) rats was evaluated by feeding a diet containing 0, 5, 60 and 300 ppm of TNB for 2 years. The calculated average TNB intake over 2 years for males and females was 0.22, 2.64, 13.44 and 0.23, 2.68, 13.31 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day respectively. Terminal body weights were decreased and water intake was increased in both sexes (300 ppm), whereas food consumption was decreased in males (60 and 300 ppm groups) only. The relative spleen weights were significantly decreased in both sexes (300 ppm), whereas the relative brain weights were increased in females only (300 ppm). Hematological effects were not observed in animals killed at the 2-year time point, except significant decrease in the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) in males (300 ppm) and in females (60 and 300 ppm). Methemoglobin levels were increased in both sexes in the high dose group. Histopathological examination showed treatment-related changes in the kidney (hyaline droplets; 60 and 300 ppm) and the spleen (erythroid cell hyperplasia and pigment deposition; 300 ppm) of both sexes. Cytoplasmic hyaline droplets in the kidneys were characterized by immunohistochemistry as alpha-2u-globulin. We propose a chronic, oral no-observable-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of 2.68 mg/kg BW/day for TNB in the rat, based on the hematological and renal changes.