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Discerning the Chemical Composition and Mutagenic Effects of Soy Biodiesel PM
Citation:
Nash, D., E. Mutluc, W. Preston, M. Hays, S. Warren, C. King, William P. Linak, M. Gilmour, AND D. DeMarini. Discerning the Chemical Composition and Mutagenic Effects of Soy Biodiesel PM. Presented at 31st Annual Conference of the American Association of Air Research, October 08 - 12, 2012.
Impact/Purpose:
presentation for 31st Annual Conference of the American Association of Air Resesarch, October 8-12, 2012, Minneapolis, MN
Description:
Discerning the Chemical Composition and Mutagenic Effects of Soy Biodiesel PM David G. Nashab, Esra Mutluc, William T. Prestond, Michael D. Haysb, Sarah H. Warrenc, Charly Kingc, William P. Linakb, M. lan Gilmourc, and David M. DeMarinic aOak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) bNational Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 cNational Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 dARCADIS U.S., Inc., Durham, NC 27713 USA Exhaust particles from the combustion of traditional diesel fuel have been shown to lead to increases in adverse health effects such as lung cancer, impaired lung function, respiratory distress, and cardiovascular disease. This has resulted in an effort to find alternative fuels, such as soy-based biodiesel, that can replace traditional diesel. In the present study, the chemical composition and mutagenic effects of 0, 20,50 and 100% soy biodiesel (BO, B20, BSO, B100) PM emissions from a Vanmar L70 diesel engine and Pramac E3750 generator were examined. As expected, GC/QQQ analysis shows that the B100 extract has 50% less polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH!;) than that of the BO and B20 extracts per particle mass. Initial results from mutagenicity testing, a work that is still in progress, suggest that the B100 extract is less mutagenic than BO and 820 when evaluated using the Salmonella (Ames) assay. Hopanes, alkanes, organic acids, and methyl esters were identified and will be presented for each biofuel blend. This study shows that PAHs are the main mutagenic driver and can be used to predict relative mutagenic potency of various biofuel blends. [Abstract does not necessarily reflect the policy of the US EPA.]