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Ultrafiltration Membrane Module Virus Reduction at Different Fluxes, and with a Cut Fiber
Citation:
Adams, Jeff, B. Bartley, AND M. Blumenstein. Ultrafiltration Membrane Module Virus Reduction at Different Fluxes, and with a Cut Fiber . In Proceedings, AWWA and AMTA 2012 Membrane Technology Conference CD, (ISBN 9781583218808), Glendale, AZ, February 27 - March 06, 2012. American Water Works Association, Denver, CO, ,, (2012).
Impact/Purpose:
To inform the science community.
Description:
NSF International evaluated The Dow Chemical Company SFD-2880 UF membrane module for MS2 reduction at four different fluxes, and also with and without a cut fiber, to compare MS2 log reduction under the different scenarios. All tests were conducted in accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR) and Membrane Filtration Guidance Manual (MFGM). The testing fluxes were 23.6 gallons per square foot per day (gfd) (40.1 Liters per square meter per hour (Lmh)), 44.1.gfd (75.0 Lmh), 61.8 gfd (105 Lmh), and 70.0 gfd (119 Lmh). Each challenge test was approximately 35 minutes in length. The MS2 suspension was injected into the feed stream at start-up, after 15 minutes of operation, and after 30 minutes of operation. Feed and filtrate grab samples were collected after an appropriate injection time. The MS2 reduction versus flux results did indicate that MS2 reduction may be inversely proportional to the flux, but no statistical analyses were conducted because there were only three data points per flux. The intact module versus cut-fiber module test data did indicate that one broken fiber in a UF module could result in a significant decrease in virus log reduction, but the significance of the decrease depends on the virus challenge concentration, and the number of individual UF fibers in the module.
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