You are here:
Emergy and Eco-exergy Evaluation of Four Forest Restoration Modes
Citation:
LU, H. F., Z. H. Wang, D. E. CAMPBELL, H. Ren, AND J. Wang. Emergy and Eco-exergy Evaluation of Four Forest Restoration Modes. ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 37(2):277-285, (2011).
Impact/Purpose:
This study is one of a few studies to use Jorgensen’s concept of eco-exergy along with Odum’s concept of emergy to evaluate forest restoration systems. Both methods were able to distinguish between the four restoration modes in their efficacy for achieving different results. Problem and limits to evaluations using eco-exergy as well as the useful information learned from this approach were demonstrated in the analysis. This paper was published in Ecological Engineering, a journal with and impact factor of 3.2 over 5 years. The paper itself is ahead of the curve and will probably not be widely referenced for a few years.
Description:
Four different forest restoration modes (Acacia mangium plantation, mixed-native species plantation, conifer plantation and Eucalyptus plantation) were evaluated using Energy System Theory and the emergy synthesis method. In addition, the eco-exergies of the four forest restoration modes were calculated, and combined with emergy and empower density to explore the restoration and self-organization efficiencies of these modes. The results showed that the two plantations of exotic species, especially the Acacia mangium plantation, were best for biomass accumulation and soil improvement, whereas the two plantations of native species, especially the mixed-native plantation, were more efficient in capturing the available natural resources. Transformity is an important emergy index for the evaluation of system efficiency, because it takes both input and output into account. In subtropical plantations, trees mainly contribute to eco-exergy, whereas herbs and shrubs mainly contribute to specific eco-exergy. The c-value Paradox does exist in conifer species in this study, and it could affect the eco-exergy evaluation. The joint use of eco-exergy and emergy analysis is helpful in comparing both different and similar kinds of ecosystems.