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Simulation Models Evaluation of Pest Resistance Development to Refuge in the Bag Concepts Related to Pioneer Submission
Citation:
Caprio, M. AND J. A. GLASER. Simulation Models Evaluation of Pest Resistance Development to Refuge in the Bag Concepts Related to Pioneer Submission. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA/600/R-10/055, 2010.
Impact/Purpose:
To inform the EPA.
Description:
The USEPA, under its administration of the Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), requires the registration of all pesticides and pesticidal materials. The GM crops containing pesticidal traits are subject to FIFRA registration requirements. Concerns relating to future environmental effects of these crops can be investigated only using simulation models. Model application in this instance offers an analysis of the useful lifetime for the pesticidal traits. USEPA has clearly supported the use of these traits as replacements of broad spectrum pesticides that have significant environmental footprints. Background Resistance management (RM) simulation models are designed as deterministic, stochastic, and spatially explicit analytical methodologies. Simulation models can provide a realistic assessment of the risk of resistance evolution given the allele frequencies used as initial conditions. New concepts of PIP crop deployment such as refuge-in-the-bag require a detailed evaluation to ensure the claims associated with each concept offer the sustainable protection of the crop. Simulation models offer a means to evaluate the threat of crop loss through the development of resistance in the near future. Purpose This collaborative research effort was designed to evaluate the relative merit of refuge-in-bag concepts as submitted by Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. This research specifically analyzed the relative risks related to the control of western corn rootworm in block refuge deployment and 5% seed-mixture scenarios.