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Measurement of Emissions from Produced Water Ponds: Upstream Oil and Gas Study #1; Final Report
Citation:
THOMA, E. D., J. Dewees, M. MODRAK, AND R. HASHMONAY. Measurement of Emissions from Produced Water Ponds: Upstream Oil and Gas Study #1; Final Report. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2009.
Impact/Purpose:
EPA report
Description:
Significant uncertainty exists regarding air pollutant emissions from upstream oil and gas production operations. Oil and gas operations present unique and challenging emission testing issues due to the large variety and quantity of potential emissions sources. This report summarized Phase 1 of the effort, which helps address an immediate need of EPA Region 8 and states to improve understand of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from oil and gas produced water evaporation ponds. Area source measurement EPA OTM 10 and related techniques are used. The primary measurement approach was EPA OTM 10 using two open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP-FTIR) instruments to provide mass emission flux estimates for an alkane mixture in the C-H stretch spectral region around 2900 cm. To provide supporting information, the concentration of select VOCs was determined using on-hour Summa canister sampling. The canisters were analyzed using EPA Method TO-15 and SNMOC analysis and were compared to OP-FTIR measurements for similar time periods.
URLs/Downloads:
URL.PDF (PDF, NA pp, 24 KB, about PDF)Measurement of Emissions from Produced Water Ponds: Upstream Oil and Gas Study #1; Final Report