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Oxidant Selection for the Treatment of Manganese (II), Iron (II), and Arsenic (III) in Groundwaters
Citation:
Moor, J. F., D. A. LYTLE, AND T. J. SORG. Oxidant Selection for the Treatment of Manganese (II), Iron (II), and Arsenic (III) in Groundwaters. In Proceedings, 2008 AWWA Water Quality Technology Conference, Cincinnati, OH, November 16 - 20, 2008. American Water Works Association, Denver, CO, ., (2008).
Impact/Purpose:
To share information
Description:
In order to comply with the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (U.S. EPA’s) arsenic standard and the manganese and iron secondary maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) in water (10µg/L, 50µg/L, and 300µg/L, respectively), many Midwestern water utilities must add a strong oxidant before filtration to oxidize the reduced forms of arsenic, manganese and iron. Free chlorine and permanganate are the two most common chemical oxidants used to address arsenic, manganese, and iron issues. In Midwestern States, engineering practices have traditionally favored the use of permanganate as the oxidant of choice, followed by green sand filtration to remove manganese from source waters. Most water treatment plant personnel, however, find permanganate undesirable to use for a number of reasons, including: it stains everything it contacts, overdosing causes “pink” water, underdosing can cause manganese spikes, and handling issues. There is a real need to compare the effectiveness of chlorine and permanganate in manganese (and arsenic) removal systems, and, more importantly, to provide better guidance as to when each oxidant is most appropriate to address an iron, manganese, and/or arsenic problem. Observations from full-scale treatment plants will be used to illustrate the appropriate applications of chemical oxidants.
URLs/Downloads:
OXIDANT SELECTION FOR THE TREATMENT OF MANGANESE (II), IRON (II), AND ARSENIC (III) IN GROUNDWATERS (PDF, NA pp, 74 KB, about PDF)AWWA
