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DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM RESEARCH (WATER SUPPLY AND WATER RESOURCES DIVISION)
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Two water distribution system simulators(DSSs)are now in operation at the USEPA Test and Evaluation (T&E) Facility in Cincinnati, OH. EPA's T&E Facility is a multifaceted research resource in which a wide variety of water treatment and other environmental protection technologies are conceived, designed and evaluated in the laboratory, bench, and pilot plant scale. EPA designed and fabricated the DSS systems to evaluate and understand the dynamics that influence water quality within water distribution infrastructure systems in the U.S. and abroad. The DSS provides researchers with a mechanism to study how water quality is affected during distribution. The first distribution system simulator (DSS-1) has continuous flow conditions and is equipped with two 1,500 gallon reservoir tanks to simulate a comprehensive distribution infrastructure system. The second distribution system (DSS-2) is over 300-feet long and is a once through system composed of a six-inch diameter PVC pipe. This unit is being used to evaluate water quality in a dead-end branch of a distribution system and to develop design models for water distribution. Both DSS units are located above ground to permit easy access to the entire pipe network. For further information concerning the two DSSs, visit the Distribution System Research website at http://www.epa.gov/ORD/NRMRL/wswrd/distri.htm. To access directly from this website, click on downloads on the navigation bar.