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Formation and Occurrence of Disinfection By-Products
Citation:
RICHARDSON, S. D. Formation and Occurrence of Disinfection By-Products. Presented at Environmental Mutagen Society Annual Meeting, Rio Grande, PUERTO RICO, October 18 - 22, 2008.
Impact/Purpose:
The ultimate goal is to understand the potential for exposure of the public to disinfection byproducts that pose the most significant health risks, so that ultimately their presence in drinking water can be minimized either through process or regulation.
Description:
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when disinfectants such as chlorine, ozone, chlorine dioxide, or chloramines react with naturally occurring organic matter, anthropogenic contaminants, bromide, and iodide during the production of drinking water. There is concern about DBPs due to bladder cancer and reproductive/developmental effects that have been associated with them in human epidemiologic studies. A recent review published in 2007 (Richardson et aI., Mutation Research 2007, 636, 178-242) provided an analysis of 30 years of published research on the occurrence, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity of regulated and emerging DBPs, as well as a roadmap for future research. This presentation will focus on the formation and occurrence of these DBPs from different disinfectants. Emerging, unregulated DBPs discussed include halonitromethanes, iodo-acids and other unregulated halo-acids, iodo-trihalomethanes, halofuranones, haloamides, haloacetonitriles, and nitrosamines. Strategies for minimizing DBP formation will also be discussed.
URLs/Downloads:
RICHARDSON 08 081 PUERTO RICO.PDF (PDF, NA pp, 9 KB, about PDF)RICHARDSON 08 081A PUERTO RICO.PDF (PDF, NA pp, 457 KB, about PDF)