HUMAN CLINICAL STUDIES OF CONCENTRATED AMBIENT ULTRAFINE AND FINE PARTICLES
Impact/Purpose:
These studies will use controlled human clinical exposures to test the hypothesis that inhalation of ambient ultrafine and fine PM causes measurable changes in coagulation and cardiovascular function, that these effects are determined by PM-associated reactive oxygen species, and that subjects with Type II diabetes are at increased risk for these effects.
Description:
Confirmation of our hypothesis that exposure to ambient ultrafine and fine particles promotes coagulation and alters cardiac function will have important implications for air pollution regulatory efforts, and will provide new approaches for the prevention of cardiovascular health effects.
Record Details:
Record Type:PROJECT(
ABSTRACT
)
Start Date:10/01/2005
Completion Date:09/30/2010
Record ID:
144571
Keywords:
ULTRAFINE PARTICLES, ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION, AIR POLLUTION, CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH,
Related Organizations:
Role
:OWNER
Organization Name
:UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
Organization Name
:RPCA
Project Information:
Approach
:Three human exposure protocols will be conducted using the Harvard ultrafine ambient particle concentrator, in collaboration with the Aerosol Generation and Analysis Facility Core. The first protocol will examine effects in healthy subjects, the second protocol will examine effects in age-matched subjects with type 2 diabetes, and the third protocol will assess the role of pretreatment with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor aspirin in preventing the cardiovascular effects of ultrafine/fine particle exposure. In collaboration with the Vascular and Inflammation Facility Core, we will determine particle effects on platelet function and release of endothelial and platelet microparticles into the circulation, and will examine effects on platelet-leukocyte adhesion, bone marrow stimulation, and changes in gene expression in blood mononuclear cells. Continuous ECG monitoring, in collaboration with the Cardiac Facility Core, will detect changes in cardiac repolarization, and noninvasive impedence cardiography will measure changes in cardiac output. Genomic DNA from exposed subjects will be analyzed for candidate gene polymorphisms identified in Research Core #2, Epidemiological Studies. Exposure studies will be designed and conducted in parallel with similar animal exposure studies conducted by Research Core #4, Animal Models. The impact of PM-associated reactive oxygen species, size, composition, and source will be examined in collaboration with Research Core #1, Characterization and Source Apportionment, and with the Biostatistics Facility Core.
Cost
:$.00
Research Component
:Health Effects
Project IDs:
ID Code
:R832415C003
Project type
:Center