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MUTAGENICITY IN SALMONELLA OF HALONITROMETHANES: A RECENTLY RECOGNIZED CLASS OF DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATERS.
Citation:
KUNDU, B., S. D. RICHARDSON, P. D. SWARTZ, P. P. MATTHEWS, A. M. RICHARD, AND D. M. DEMARINI. MUTAGENICITY IN SALMONELLA OF HALONITROMETHANES: A RECENTLY RECOGNIZED CLASS OF DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATERS. MUTATION RESEARCH. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 562(1-2):39-65, (2004).
Impact/Purpose:
(1) Use toxicity-based approach to identify DBPs that show the greatest toxic response. (2) Comprehensively identify DBPs formed by different disinfectant regimes for the 'Four Lab Study'. (3) Determine the mechanisms of formation for potentially hazardous bromonitromethane DBPs.
Description:
Halonitromethanes(HNMs)are a recently identified class of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water.They include chloronitromethane (CHN), dichloronitromethane (DCNM), trichloronitromethane (TCNM), bromonitromethane (BNM), dibromonitromethane (DBNM), tribromonitromethane (TBNM), bromochloronitromethane (BCNM), dibromoch-loronitromethane (DBCNM), and bromodichloronitromethane (BDCNM). Here, all nine HNMs were evaluated in the Salmonella plate-incorporation assay +/-S9 using strains TA98, TA100, TA104, TPT100, and the glutathione transferase theta (GSTT1-1)-expressing strain RSJ100. All were mutagenic, most with and without S9. In the absence of S9, six were mutagenic in TA98, six in TA100, and three in TA104; in the presence of S9, these numbers were five, seven, and three, respectively.