You are here:
THE MEASUREMENT OF PM2.5, INCLUDING SEMI-VOLATILE COMPONENTS, IN THE EMPACT PROGRAM: RESULTS FROM THE SALT LAKE CITY STUDY AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC AWARENESS, HEALTH EFFECTS, AND CONTROL STRATEGIES (R827993)
Citation:
Long, R. W., N. L. Eatough, N. F. Mangelson, W. Thompson, K. Fiet, S. Smith, R. Smith, D. J. Eatough, C. A. Pope, AND W. E. Wilson. THE MEASUREMENT OF PM2.5, INCLUDING SEMI-VOLATILE COMPONENTS, IN THE EMPACT PROGRAM: RESULTS FROM THE SALT LAKE CITY STUDY AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC AWARENESS, HEALTH EFFECTS, AND CONTROL STRATEGIES (R827993). ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT.
Description:
The Salt Lake City EPA Environmental
Monitoring for Public Access and Community Tracking (EMPACT) project,
initiated in October 1999, is designed to evaluate the usefulness of a
newly developed real-time continuous monitor (RAMS) for total
(non-volatile plus semi-volatile) PM2.5 mass and the health relevance of PM2.5 measured by this method as compared to other measurements of PM2.5
parameters. Ammonium nitrate and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC)
are significant components of fine particles in many urban atmospheres.
These components however, are not properly measured by current EPA
accepted methods, such as the PM2.5 FRM, due to loss of semi-volatile material (SVM) from the filter during sampling. Continuous PM2.5
mass measurements are attempted using methods such as the R&P TEOM
monitor. This method however, heats the sample to remove particle-bound
water. This results in evaporation of significant amounts of
semi-volatile material. Similarly, continuous carbonaceous material
monitors are expected to lose semi-volatile organic material during
sample collection.
Continuous RAMS and collocated TEOM monitor
data have been obtained at the EMPACT sampling site in Salt lake City,
Utah during a 2-year period. Results obtained for the continuous
determination of total PM2.5 mass with the RAMS have been
validated by comparison with results obtained from collocated PC-BOSS
diffusion denuder integrated samples at the EMPACT sampling site in
Salt Lake City, Utah during three intensive sampling periods (winter
1999-2000, summer 2000, and winter 2000-2001). While the RAMS is shown
to measure total PM2.5, including semi-volatile nitrate and
organic material, commercially available semi-continuous TEOM and C
monitors do not reliably measure these species.
Author Keywords: Semi-volatile PM2.5; PM2.5 organic material; TEOM; Real-time PM2.5; Denuder samplers