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EFFECTIVE CONCENTRATIONS OF 6 CONTAMINANTS TO LEMMA MINOR, PIMEPHALES PROMELA, DAPHNIA MAGNA, AND CERIODAPHNIA DUBIA
Citation:
Allen*, H. J., J M. Lazorchak, M E. Smith, H Haring, AND M Bennett. EFFECTIVE CONCENTRATIONS OF 6 CONTAMINANTS TO LEMMA MINOR, PIMEPHALES PROMELA, DAPHNIA MAGNA, AND CERIODAPHNIA DUBIA. Presented at Fourth SETAC World Congress, Portland, OR, November 14 - 18, 2004.
Impact/Purpose:
To inform the public
Description:
The research presented here resulted in EC50 and LOEC values for the contaminants copper, cadmium, diazinon, atrazine, and cyanide to the species Lemna Minor, Pimephales promelas, Daphnia magna, and Ceriodaphnia dubia. Observed values were used as benchmarks for assessing the sensitivity of various biologically based automated water quality monitoring systems. Stock toxicants were prepared by NRMRL at the Testing and Evaluation Facility (T&E) in Cincinnati, OH. Bioassays were performed by SoBran under contract to the U.S. EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH. Methodologies for L. minor were taken from the draft document OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals: Proposal for a New Guideline Lemna sp. Growth Inhibition Test. Methods presented in the U.S. EPA acute and short-term chronic methods manuals were use in the P. promelas, D. magna, and C. dubia assays. Acute values only were established for D. magna. Each contaminant and endpoint were assayed three times. Data were analyzed using standard techniques to yield a survival EC50 and growth/reproduction NOEC for each contaminant and organism. As expected, growth/reproduction endpoints were the most sensitive across species. L. minor was the most sensitive to the triazine herbicide atrazine (NOECgrowth=31.25 g/L). P. promelas was most sensitive to cadmium (NOECgrowth=31.25 g/L). C. dubia was most sensitive to copper(NOECrep=1.95 g/L), Diazinon(NOECrep=625ng/L), and cyanide(NOECrep=31.25 g/L). Acute responses resulted in C. dubia being most sensitive to copper (LC50=31.25 g/L) and atrazine (LC50=12mg/L). D. magna was most sensitive to cadmium(LC50=166.3 g/L), and diazinon(LC50=2.63 g/L). P. promelas, D. magna, and C. dubia exhibited similar sensitivities to cyanide with LC50s ~300 g/L. These results demonstrate the necessity of assessing water quality with multiple species in order to adequately protect species sensitivities to a range of contaminants.