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EMISSIONS OF METALS, CHROMIUM AND NICKEL SPECIES, AND ORGANICS FROM MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER SLUDGE INCINERATORS
Citation:
DeWees, W. G., R. R. Segall, L. Cone, AND F. M. Lewis. EMISSIONS OF METALS, CHROMIUM AND NICKEL SPECIES, AND ORGANICS FROM MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER SLUDGE INCINERATORS. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA/600/SR-92/003, 1992.
Impact/Purpose:
provide information
Description:
In order to provide data to support regulations on municipal wastewater sludge incineration, emissions of metals, hexavalent chromium, nickel subsulfide, polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and furans (PCDD/PCDFs), semivolatile and volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide (CO), and total hydrocarbons (THCs) from two multiple hearth incinerators and a fluidized bed incinerator were measured. The emissions were controlled at each unit with venturi/scrubbers and, on two of the units, emissions from wet ESPs were determined. Flue gas sampling was conducted at the inlet and outlet of the air pollution control devices. Feed sludge was tested for metals, moisture, and carbon and hydrogen content. Testing occurred at both normal and improved (low CO) combustion conditions. Two additional tests were conducted under this study to evaluate draft methods for sampling and analysis of hexavalent chromium and systems for continuous monitoring of CO and THC emissions. All test results arefully documented in individual site reports. Emission test results are separated into normal and low CO conditions. Gas concentrations, mass emission rates, metals-to-particulate ratios, and emissions factors are presented. The ratios of hexavalent-to-total chromium and nickel subsulfide-to-total nickel are given. Analytical results for the process samples are provided. Isomer-specific PCDD/PCDF and semivolatile and volatile organic compound concentrations are reported. Continuous emission monitoring results for SO2 NO^, COSUB>2, OSUB>2, CO, and THC are presented.