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IDENTIFICATION OF SOURCES OF GROUND-WATER SALINIZA- TION USING GEOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES
Citation:
Richter, B. C. AND C. W. Kreitler. IDENTIFICATION OF SOURCES OF GROUND-WATER SALINIZA- TION USING GEOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/2-91/064 (NTIS 92-119650), 1991.
Impact/Purpose:
publish information
Description:
This report deals with salt-water sources that commonly mix and deteriorate fresh ground water. It reviews characteristics of salt-water sources and geochemical techniques that can be used to identify these sources after mixing has occurred. The report is designed to assist investigators of salt-water problems in a step-by-step fashion. even major sources of salt water are distinguished: (1) Natural saline ground water, (2) Halite solution, (3) Sea-water intrusion, (4) Oil-and gas-field brines, (5) Agricultural effluents, (6) Saline seep, and (7) Road salting. The geographic distribution of these sources was mapped individually and together, illustrating which ones are potential sources at any given area in the United States. In separate sections, each potential source is then discussed in detail regarding physical and chemical characteristics, examples of known techniques for identification of mixtures between fresh water and that source, and known occurrences by state. Individual geochemical parameters that are used within these techniques are presented in a separate section, followed by a discussion concerning where and how to obtain them. Also provided is a description of basic graphical and statistical methods that are used frequently in salt-water studies. An extensive list of references for further study concludes this report.