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HANDBOOK ON IN SITU TREATMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTE- CONTAMINATED SOILS
Citation:
U.S. EPA. HANDBOOK ON IN SITU TREATMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTE- CONTAMINATED SOILS. EPA/540/2-90/002, 1990.
Impact/Purpose:
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Description:
This handbook comprises an update of Volume1 of the 1984 USEPA document entitled "Review of In-Place Treatment Techniques for Contaminated Surface Soils." The purpose of this handbook is the same as that of the original document - to provide state-of-the-art information on in situ treatment technologies for contaminated soils. Like the previous document, this handbook is written for the use of a varied audience with diverse technical backgrounds. The information presented herein is detailed enough to provide the reader with adequate data for an initial evaluation of the applicability of a technology in certain situations, yet general enough to be useful and informative to those whose backgrounds are not highly technical. Extensive references are provided for the reader's use in obtaining additional details on these technologies. An in situ treatment technology is defined as one that can be applied to treat the hazardous constituents of a waste or contaminated environmental medium where they are located and is capable of reducing the risk posed by these contaminants to an acceptable level or completely eliminating that risk. In situ treatment implies that the waste materials are treated without being physically removed from the ground. The handbook is divided into four sections. Section 1 provides an introduction and background for the handbook. Section 2 provides a general overview of the legislation and regulations pertaining to Superfund site remedial activities that have been instrumental in promoting the development of in situ treatment technologies. Section 3 presents state-of-the-art information on in situ treatment technologies. It includes a description of each technology process; the wastes amenable to treatment; the ease of application; potential level of treatment available; reliability of the method; current status of the technology; secondary impacts; equipment, exogenous reagents, and information required; and sources of information. Section 4 addresses delivery and recovery technologies. A brief discussion of techniques for the modification of soil properties is presented in the appendix. The 1984 document consisted of two volumes. Only Volume 1 is being updated by this handbook. The reader can refer to Volume 2, however, for a still current and comprehensive discussion of the fundamental properties of soil/waste systems.