Citation:

ROGERS, K. R., S. HARPER, AND G. L. ROBERTSON. SCREENING FOR TOXIC INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS USING SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANE DEVICES WITH RAPID TOXICITY ASSAYS. ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 543(1-2):229-235, (2005).

Impact/Purpose:

The overall objective of this task is to develop scientifically sound sampling and bioanalytical approaches for screening and monitoring of hazardous wastes. These techniques are expected to provide the Agency with improved screening and field portable methods to characterize, reduce, and control risk to human health and the environment. Specific objectives will include development and characterization of the following concepts:

SPMDs for passive accumulation of TICs

Bioassays for toxic and genotoxic compounds

MIPs for volatile and semivolatile toxic organics

Rapid screening assays using the previously listed components.

Description:

A time-integrated sampling device interfaced with two toxicity-based assays is reported for monitoring volatile toxic industrial chemicals (TICs). Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) using dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as the fill solvent accumulated each of 17 TICs from the vapor phase. Uptake kinetics experiments for one of these compounds (acrolein) indicated that it was significantly concentrated (i.e., 10 percent of the 24 hr maximum) in as little as 10 min and was concentrated by a factor of over 200 for a 24 hr exposure time as measured using both mass and toxicity assays. The effect of each of the TICs on the Microtox bacterial luminescence assay and IQ-Tox Daphnia magna fluorescence assay was determined both from a direct assay and a vapor accumulation assay using SPMDs. Microtox EC₅₀ values (concentrations yielding 50 percent inhibition) were determined for each of the TICs analyzed. The rank order of the Microtox EC₅₀ values for each of the compounds measured by direct dilution of the TICs into assay buffer was similar but not identical to the Apparent (App) EC₅₀ values determined from the vapor accumulation assay. The ratios of the EC₅₀ to the AppEC₅₀ values were used to calculate apparent toxicity-derived concentration factors (i.e., the toxicity equivalents of compound that concentrate from vapor into the SPMD). EC₅₀ values for the IQ-Tox assay as measured using a 90 min fluorescence assay were, in most cases, similar but not identical to the Microtox EC₅₀ values for individual compounds

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