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'IN VITRO' MICROBIOLOGICAL MUTAGENICITY AND UNSCHEDULED DNA SYNTHESIS STUDIES OF EIGHTEEN PESTICIDES
Citation:
Simmon, V. 'IN VITRO' MICROBIOLOGICAL MUTAGENICITY AND UNSCHEDULED DNA SYNTHESIS STUDIES OF EIGHTEEN PESTICIDES. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/1-79/041.
Description:
Eighteen pesticides being reviewed as a part of the EPA Substitute Chemical Program were tested for mutagenic activity by the following in vitro procedures: (1) Reverse mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98, and TA100 and in Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA. (2) Induction of mitotic recombination in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae D3. (3) Relative toxicity assays in DNA repair-proficient and -deficient strains of E. coli (strains W3110 and p3478, respectively) and of Bacillus subtilis (strains H17 and M45 respectively). (4) Unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in human fibroblasts (WI-38 cells). Nine of the 18 pesticides were mutagenic in one or more of the assays. One compound, demeton, was mutagenic in all of them. Trichlorofon was mutagenic in all the assays except those for relative toxicity. Acephat was mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium in TA100, Saccharomyces cerevisiae D3, and UDS assays. Dicamba, 2,4-D acid, 2,4-DB acid, and propanil were positive only in the assay for relative toxicity. Disulfoton was positive only in the UDS assay, and then only in the absence of the metabolic activation system. Crotoxyphos was positive only in the S. cerevisiae D3 assay.