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CHEMICAL OIL SPILL DISPERSANTS: UPDATE STATE-OF-THE-ART ON MECHANISMS OF ACTION AND FACTORS INFLUENCING PERFORMANCE WITH EMPHASIS ON LABORATORY STUDIES
Citation:
Clayton, Jr., J. AND J. Payne. CHEMICAL OIL SPILL DISPERSANTS: UPDATE STATE-OF-THE-ART ON MECHANISMS OF ACTION AND FACTORS INFLUENCING PERFORMANCE WITH EMPHASIS ON LABORATORY STUDIES. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/R-92/176 (NTIS PB92222207).
Description:
The purpose of this report is to provide an updated review of information from the available literature for the mechanism of action of chemical dispersants, variables that affect dispersant performance, evaluation of a variety of laboratory tests designed to assess the performance of dispersant agents, and a brief consideration of relationships between laboratory methods and field situations. hile much information exists in the published and unpublished literature an relative toxicities of dispersant and dispersant-oil mixtures, this topic is beyond the scape of this review and will not be considered. ifferences among tests are particularly important because they may be responsible far not only significant differences in results between laboratory testing methods but also poor correlations between laboratory results and data from field tests. our general types of laboratory testing methods are considered: a) tank tests, (b) shake/flask tests, (c) interfacial surface tension tests, and (d) flume tests. For each test considered, descriptions are presented for the laboratory apparatus required, brief summaries of the testing procedures, differences among methods, and considerations of how a particular test design might affect results. he purpose of this report centers on laboratory testing.
