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Description:

A two-room model is developed to estimate the emission rate of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) from vinyl flooring and the evolving gas-phase and adsorbed surface concentrations in a realistic indoor environment. Adsorption isotherms for phthalates and plasticizers on interior surfaces, such as carpet, wood, dust and human skin, are derived from previous field and laboratory studies. Log-linear relationships between equilibrium parameters and chemical vapor pressure are obtained.

Purpose/Objective:

The model shows that ventilation rate has a strong influence on DEHP emission rate while total suspended particle (TSP) concentration has a substantial impact on gas-phase concentration. Exposure to DEHP via inhalation, dermal absorption and oral ingestion of dust is evaluated. This analysis suggests oral ingestion of dust is an important pathway for children. The model clarifies the mechanisms that govern the release of DEHP from vinyl flooring and the subsequent interactions with interior surfaces, airborne particles, skin, and dust. Although further parameter identification and model validation is required, the model provides a mechanistic framework that elucidates exposure pathways for phthalate plasticizers, and can most likely be adapted to predict emissions and transport of other semi-volatile organic compounds, such as brominated flame retardants and biocides, in a residential environment.

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