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Over the past half-century or more, economists have developed a robust literature on the theory and practice of benefit-cost analysis (BCA) as applied to diverse projects and policies. Recent years have seen a growing demand for practical applications of BCA to climate change pol...

Assessing the effectiveness and measuring the performance of fuel treatments and other wildfire risk mitigation efforts are challenging endeavors. Perhaps the most complicated is quantifying avoided impacts. In this study, we show how probabilistic counterfactual analysis can hel...

Nitrogen (N) has historically been the nutrient that most often limits plant growth in the United States. However, human activity since the Industrial Revolution has resulted in increased emission and hence deposition of N.1 Initial increases in N deposition can act as a fertiliz...

Climate-related changes to drought, fire, and insect outbreak regimes have raised concerns that western United States forests, once disturbed, may not return or reattain prior structure and composition.  Many post-fire recruitment studies have documented absence or low densi...

Improving mental health is recognized as a key factor for achieving global development goals. There is strong evidence that neighborhood greenery promotes better mental health. However, there are environmental justice concerns over the distribution of neighborhood greenery. Under...

Climate change is projected to impact river, lake, and wetland hydrology, with global implications for the condition and productivity of aquatic ecosystems. We integrated Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 based algorithms to track monthly surface water extent (2017–2021) for 32 sit...

The new and updated emission reduction pledges submitted by countries ahead of the Twenty-Sixth Conference of Parties represent a meaningful strengthening of global ambition compared to the 2015 Paris pledges. Yet, limiting global warming below 1.5 °C this century will require co...

Communities across the United States are enduring, often unexpectedly, the effects of extreme events, such as excessive heat, prolonged droughts, extreme floods, and wildfires. In places where contaminated sites and waste management facilities are also present, communities must c...

Riparian buffer zones (RBZs) provide multiple benefits to watershed ecosystems. We aimed to conduct an extensive sensitivity analysis of the RBZ designs to climate change nutrient and sediment loadings to streams. We designed 135 simulation scenarios starting with the six baselin...

The brick kiln industrial sector in South Asia accounts for large amounts of short-lived climate forcer (SLCF) emissions, namely black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), and sulfur dioxide (SO2; the precursor to atmospheric sulfate [SO4]). These SLCFs are air pollutants and have i...

The Energy Modeling Forum (EMF) 37 study on deep decarbonization and high electrification analyzed a set of scenarios that achieve economy-wide net-zero carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in North America by mid-century, exploring the implications of different technology evolutions, ...

Excess body weight is a risk factor for many chronic diseases. Studies have identified neighborhood greenery as supportive of healthy weight. However, few have considered plausible effect pathways for ecosystem services (e. g., heat mitigation, landscape aesthetics, and venues fo...

The successful implementation and sustainability of many marsh restoration efforts, including coastal adaptation to buffer inundation and mitigate sea level rise, often hinges upon support from surrounding human communities. Yet, stakeholder engagement in these projects remains r...

Wildland fires are a major source of gases and aerosols, and the production, dispersion, and transformation of fire emissions have significant ambient air quality impacts and climate interactions. The increase in the wildfire area burned and severity across the US and Canada in r...

Eutrophication and excessive algal growth pose a threat on aquatic organisms and the health of the public, environment, and the economy. Understanding what drives excessive algal growth can inform mitigation measures and aid in advance planning to minimize impacts....

The world's climate is changing rapidly. Projecting the extent of flood and droughts in response to a changing climate requires robust hydrologic models. These models must consider not only in-stream hydraulics but also watershed hydrologic processes—such as changes in soil...

We use the Global Timber Model, a dynamic economic model which accounts for intertemporal trade-offs, market feedbacks, and opportunity costs, to project global forest sector mitigation potential and costs for five abatement activities across sixteen global regions.

Cyanobacterial blooms can have negative effects on human health and local ecosystems. Field monitoring of cyanobacterial blooms can be costly, but satellite remote sensing has shown utility for more efficient spatial and temporal monitoring across the United States. Her...

Hurricane Bob passed over the New England region in August 1991, causing significant damage to life, property, and the environment, making it one of the costliest hurricanes in New England history. The environmental impact of a hurricane of this magnitude warrants careful assessm...

Changing climate patterns and urbanization drives severe flooding in urban centers, and brings an increased interest in the mitigation of flood conditions with low-impact development (LID). Situated in the confluence of two major rivers, Luohe city (central China) is rapidly deve...

Management frequently creates system conditions that poorly mimic the conditions of a desirable self-organizing regime. Such management is ubiquitous across complex systems of people and nature and will likely intensify as these systems face rapid change. However, it is highly ...

Multi-hazard risk assessment has long been centered on small scale needs, whereby a single community or group of communities’ exposures are assessed to determine potential mitigation strategies. While this approach has advanced the understanding of hazard interactions, it i...

The U.S. is the world’s second-leading producer of pulp and paper products after China. While the pulp and paper industry has reduced its environmental impacts, concerns remain regarding the emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOX) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) from the sector. Boilers, ...

Product Description: Industrial facilities have the potential to emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs), hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), and odorous species from unintended sources including fugitive leaks, process malfunctions, and improperly controlled operations. Stochastic i...

Journal Article