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The 3-30-300 rule offers benchmarks for cities to promote equitable nature access. It dictates that individuals should see three trees from their dwelling, have 30 % tree canopy in their neighborhood, and live within 300 m of a high-quality green space. Implementing this demands ...

Background:  Tissue fusion is a mechanism involved in the development of the heart, iris, genital tubercle, neural tube, and palate during embryogenesis. Failed fusion of the palatal shelves could result in cleft palate (CP), a common birth defect. Organotypic models co...

Fires that occur in the wildland urban interface (WUI) often burn structures, vehicles, and their contents in addition to biomass in the natural landscape. Because these fires burn near population centers, their emissions may have a sizeable impact on public health, necessitating...

Introduction: Studies of gastrointestinal physiology and the gut microbiome often consider the influence of intestinal region on experimental endpoints. However, this same consideration is not often applied to the gut metabolome. Understanding the contribution of gut regionality...

Textbook chapter on "Risk Assessment, Risk Management, and Regulation of Halogenated Organic Chemicals: Current Practice and Future Directions" for the book "Neurotoxicity of Halogenated Organic Compounds"

On November 30, 2020, EPA released the draft report, “ORD Staff Handbook for Developing IRIS Assessments,” or “IRIS Handbook,” which provides the operating procedures for developing assessments to the scientists in the IRIS Program. The IRIS Handbook implements recommendations an...

The <em>2019 Integrated Science Assessment for Particulate Matter</em> (PM ISA) provides the scientific foundation for review of the primary and secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for particulate matter (PM). The PM ISA contains an evaluation and synthesis o...

The BMD model code and modeling results are included in the files. These files support data and results provided in the draft IRIS assessment for inorganic arsenic (external review draft).

EPA released the report, “ORD Staff Handbook for Developing IRIS Assessments,” or “IRIS Handbook,” which provides the operating procedures for developing assessments to the scientists in the IRIS Program. The IRIS Handbook implements recommendations and input from the National Ac...

Assessing health outcomes associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is important given their persistent and ubiquitous nature. PCBs are classified as a Group 1 carcinogen, but the full range of noncancer health effects that could result from exposure to PCBs ha...

Coral reefs—which provide valued ecosystem services such as fisheries, coastal protection, and tourism—are threatened by the effects of increased sea surface temperatures, sea level rise, and intensifying storms. These large-scale stressors are interacting with local stressors su...

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (U.S. EPA) Office of Research and Development (ORD) recognized the need to develop an approach to study non-chemical stressors within a chemical stressor paradigm. Research is needed to identify which non-chemical stressors are likely to...

The Equitable Resilience Builder (ERB) is a newly released tool to support community resilience planning. ERB is a downloadable application that supports communities in strengthening resilience to disasters and climate change. It walks a core team of users through a guided proces...

The US EPA wrote the New Approach Methods Work Plan in 2021 to 1. Develop NAMs to address information gaps, 2. Engage and communicate with stakeholders, 3. Establish scientific confidence and demonstrate application, 4. Develop baselines and metrics, and 5. Evaluate regulatory fl...

Water quality standards are important for protecting and restoring the condition of lakes, rivers, estuaries, and other water bodies in the United States. Given that nutrient pollution continues to be a widespread problem in aquatic systems, the development of numeric nutrient cr...

The Small Communities - Big Challenges Competition was a ORD and OEJECR sponsored Challenge and Prize Competition that was open to local governments to highlight innovative and inclusive strategies for engaging with rural communities and collaboratively identifying environmental ...

Excess nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) in lakes can lead to eutrophication, hypoxia, and algal blooms that may harm aquatic life and people.&nbsp;&nbsp;Some U.S. states have established numeric water quality criteria for nutrients to protect surface waters.&nbsp;&nbsp;However...

This is a set of slides to be used in &quot;scrolling slide&quot; fashion during an EPA Networking Session at the National Adaptation Forum (NAF) in St. Paul, Minnesota on Wednesday, May 15th. The session will feature art from the Fifth National Climate Assessment (NCA5) as part ...

In this poster for the National Adaptation Forum 2024, we will identify and categorize literature published in the last 20 years that addresses observed health benefits and burdens of NbS with respect to vulnerable communities experiencing climate change. Using a visual approach ...

INTRODUCTION: Coccidioidomycosis is an emerging fungal infection caused by inhalation of airborne spores of the Coccidioides genus. While Coccidioides immitis has been detected in soils across California, successful recovery of C. immitis from air samples has so far been limited ...

The Oregon Post-Fire Research and Monitoring Collaborative (state and federal natural resource agencies, tribal organizations, universities, industry) formed in fall 2020, to facilitate shared awareness of post-fire research and monitoring, shared learning, development of resourc...

Historic droughts in western states driven by anthropogenic warming have resulted in an unprecedented increase in wildfire frequency and area burned. In the last few decades, fire acres burned in the United States have more than doubled, with concomitant increased risk to human h...

EPA Wildfire Research: Impacts on Air and Water Quality WESTAR-WRAP Spring Business Meeting 2024, Riverside, California Wildland fire smoke impacts millions of people in the United States every year. The EPA&rsquo;s Office of Research and Development is addressing our increasingl...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are recognized as an urgent public health and environmental threat across the global community.&nbsp; In response, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) has developed a PFAS Strategic Roadmap documenting commitments ...

The number of gray seals (Halichoerus grypus) observed along the United States Northwest Atlantic region has been increasing for decades. These colonial animals often haul-out on beaches seasonally in numbers ranging from a few individuals to several thousands. While these larger...