Next >>

The 3-30-300 rule offers benchmarks for cities to promote equitable nature access. It dictates that individuals should see three trees from their dwelling, have 30 % tree canopy in their neighborhood, and live within 300 m of a high-quality green space. Implementing this demands ...

Background:  Tissue fusion is a mechanism involved in the development of the heart, iris, genital tubercle, neural tube, and palate during embryogenesis. Failed fusion of the palatal shelves could result in cleft palate (CP), a common birth defect. Organotypic models co...

Fires that occur in the wildland urban interface (WUI) often burn structures, vehicles, and their contents in addition to biomass in the natural landscape. Because these fires burn near population centers, their emissions may have a sizeable impact on public health, necessitating...

Introduction: Studies of gastrointestinal physiology and the gut microbiome often consider the influence of intestinal region on experimental endpoints. However, this same consideration is not often applied to the gut metabolome. Understanding the contribution of gut regionality...

PFAS are ubiquitous, persistent, and bioaccumulate in the environment. Thermal treatment methods are currently applied to a variety of PFAS-containing materials, including sewage sludge and granular activated carbon (GAC), but may not be sufficient to fully mineralize organic flu...

The Health and Environmental Sciences Institute Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology (HESI-DART) group held a hybrid in-person and virtual workshop in Washington, DC, in 2022. The workshop was entitled, "Interpretation of DART in Regulatory Contexts and Frameworks.&quot...

The purpose of this article is to briefly review the published literature on the developmental neurotoxic effects, including potential mechanisms of four butanols: n-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, isobutanol, and identify data gaps and research needs for evaluation of human ...

Textbook chapter on "Risk Assessment, Risk Management, and Regulation of Halogenated Organic Chemicals: Current Practice and Future Directions" for the book "Neurotoxicity of Halogenated Organic Compounds"

On November 30, 2020, EPA released the draft report, “ORD Staff Handbook for Developing IRIS Assessments,” or “IRIS Handbook,” which provides the operating procedures for developing assessments to the scientists in the IRIS Program. The IRIS Handbook implements recommendations an...

The <em>2019 Integrated Science Assessment for Particulate Matter</em> (PM ISA) provides the scientific foundation for review of the primary and secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for particulate matter (PM). The PM ISA contains an evaluation and synthesis o...

The BMD model code and modeling results are included in the files. These files support data and results provided in the draft IRIS assessment for inorganic arsenic (external review draft).

EPA released the report, “ORD Staff Handbook for Developing IRIS Assessments,” or “IRIS Handbook,” which provides the operating procedures for developing assessments to the scientists in the IRIS Program. The IRIS Handbook implements recommendations and input from the National Ac...

In March 2021, EPA released the <em>Systematic Review Protocol for the Inorganic Mercury Salts IRIS Assessment (Preliminary Assessment Materials)</em>. As part of developing a draft IRIS assessment, EPA presents a methods document, referred to as the protocol, for conducting a ch...

Assessing health outcomes associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is important given their persistent and ubiquitous nature. PCBs are classified as a Group 1 carcinogen, but the full range of noncancer health effects that could result from exposure to PCBs ha...

Coral reefs—which provide valued ecosystem services such as fisheries, coastal protection, and tourism—are threatened by the effects of increased sea surface temperatures, sea level rise, and intensifying storms. These large-scale stressors are interacting with local stressors su...

Microplastic contamination raises concerns in drinking water quality due to difficulties in removing them during treatment and potential for contaminant leaching. EPA&rsquo;s Office of Research and Development is interested in developing sampling and analytical methods for microp...

PFAS are ubiquitous, persistent, and bioaccumulate in the environment. Thermal treatment methods are currently applied to a variety of PFAS-containing materials, including sewage sludge and granular activated carbon (GAC), but may not be sufficient to fully mineralize organic flu...

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (U.S. EPA) Office of Research and Development (ORD) recognized the need to develop an approach to study non-chemical stressors within a chemical stressor paradigm. Research is needed to identify which non-chemical stressors are likely to...

The Equitable Resilience Builder (ERB) is a newly released tool to support community resilience planning. ERB is a downloadable application that supports communities in strengthening resilience to disasters and climate change. It walks a core team of users through a guided proces...

The US EPA wrote the New Approach Methods Work Plan in 2021 to 1. Develop NAMs to address information gaps, 2. Engage and communicate with stakeholders, 3. Establish scientific confidence and demonstrate application, 4. Develop baselines and metrics, and 5. Evaluate regulatory fl...

EPA is developing new, rapid methods for monitoring water quality at beaches to determine adequacy of water quality for swimming. The methods being developed rely upon quantitive polymerase chain reaction technology. They will permit real time decisions regarding beach closures...

Residential wood and pellet stoves produce smoke that contains multiple pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and a plethora of other hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) that can contribute to poor air quality. VOCs from residential wood combu...

Water quality standards are important for protecting and restoring the condition of lakes, rivers, estuaries, and other water bodies in the United States. Given that nutrient pollution continues to be a widespread problem in aquatic systems, the development of numeric nutrient cr...

Microplastics are ubiquitous in the environment and present potential adverse effects on human and environmental health. EPA's Office of Research and Development is interested in developing sampling and analytical methods for microplastic detection, investigating their effects on...

Emerging contaminants of concern (ECCs), such as flame retardants and per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), are frequently detected in various environmental compartments and biological matrices/species due to widespread use and release through different exposure pathways. ...