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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (U.S. EPA) Office of Research and Development (ORD) recognized the need to develop an approach to study non-chemical stressors within a chemical stressor paradigm. Research is needed to identify which non-chemical stressors are likely to...

Background:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease caused by allergen exposures and estimated to affect ∼20% of children. Children in urban areas have a higher prevalence of AD compared with those living outside of urban areas. AD is believed to lead to asthma ...

Background and Purpose: During the sensitive perinatal period, environmental stressors are a threat to brain development. We applied proteomics to investigate the protein changes occurring during the early postnatal rat cerebellum development. Methods: High-resolution mass spect...

The period of neurodevelopment is vulnerable to various insults, including those produced by environmental compounds. We have previously observed behavioral alterations (uncoordinated hindlimb gait, decreased startle response, altered motor activity ontogeny) following perinatal ...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are regularly found in soils and dusts, both of which can be consumed by children at relatively high amounts. However, there is little data available to model the bioaccessibility of PFAS in soils and dusts when consumed, or to describe ...

To identify U.S. lead exposure risk hotspots, we expanded upon geospatial statistical methods from a published Michigan case study. Evaluation of identified hotspots using six lead indices, based on housing age and sociodemographic data, showed moderate-to-substantial agreement w...

The Opportunity Atlas project traces upward social mobility and adulthood socioeconomic (SES) outcomes back to childhood residential neighborhood. In its initial analysis, the project found that half (R2=0.50) of the variation in adulthood socioeconomic outcomes was explained by ...

• Mobile app concept: Current tools used by professionals who provide home visit services to families (e.g., environmental health practitioners, health educators, community health workers) are cumbersome and limited in scope. These tools provide information focused on one he...

Much is known about human exposure to contaminants in residential settings. Existing data gaps, however, point to a need to measure chemicals more comprehensively in environmental media and biological samples, particularly for exposure during pregnancy and early life stages. The ...

Investigation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) health effects is critical due to issues associated with environmental persistence, widespread occurrence, biological half-life, toxicity, and nearly ubiquitous human and environmental exposure.  We recently publishe...

Adequate supplies of iodine are essential for production of thyroid hormones (TH) with severe deficiencies leading to hypothyroidism. As TH are necessary for brain development, maintaining iodine status is especially critical during pregnancy. Perchlorate is an environmental cont...

Thyroid hormone (TH) action controls brain development in a spatiotemporal manner. Previously, we demonstrated that perinatal hypothyroidism led to formation of a periventricular heterotopia in developing rats. This heterotopia occurs in the posterior telencephalon, and its forma...

This sub-product will describe data generated from postnatal studies in Sprague-Dawley rats on the key events and adverse outcomes of oral gestational exposure to a mixture of PFOA and PFOS. Each of these compounds has been shown to individually produce numerous maternal and offs...

This sub-product will describe data generated from short-term fetal studies and a longer-term postnatal study in Sprague-Dawley rats on the key events and adverse outcomes of oral gestational exposure to the emerging PFAS, Nafion byproduct 2. Nafion is a perfluoroalkyl ether sulf...

Soils and dusts can act as sinks for semivolatile lipophilic organic compounds and children ingest relatively large amounts of both soils and dusts. Following intake, sorbed chemicals may desorb (mobilize) and become available for intestinal absorption (bioaccessible). For chemic...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are regularly found in soils and dusts, both of which are consumed by children at relatively high amounts. However, there is little data available to model bioaccessibility of PFAS in soils and dusts when consumed, or to describe how the...

A national-scale, multi-sector report that quantifies projected health effects associated with extreme heat, air quality, changing seasons, flooding, and infectious diseases. Where possible, the analyses consider the extent to which these risks disproportionately fall on children...

Thyroid hormones (TH) are essential for normal brain development. There is a significant public health need to protect the developing brain of the fetus, newborn, and young child from thyroid system-disrupting chemicals. Environmental chemicals can interfere with the thyroid syst...

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can  interfere with thyroid hormone (TH) production and action. Genetically modified mouse models of TH receptors, transporters, and metabolizing enzymes have revealed neurons expressing parvalbumin (Pvalb) are sensitive to TH disruption...

This was an invited presentation for the OECD Meeting of the Expert Group on Developmental Neurotoxicity (DNT)-In Vitro Battery (IVB) that occurred in Durham May 19, 2023. I was asked to give an update on integration of EPA and EFSA data for developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) new ...

This report highlights the salient findings from SHC products contributed by a team of ORD investigators from PHITD and CPAD of CPHEA, CCED of CCTE, and ORISE. The SHC research focused on the influences of maternal exposure to chemical and non-chemical stressors, and their intera...

Exposure to environmental thyroid disrupting chemicals is a concern for pregnant women and children as thyroid hormone (TH) action controls brain development. Recently, through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and confocal microscopy, we showed that the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospina...

Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that can be quantified in the sera of infants, children, and adults throughout the United States. Some epidemiological studies have correlated PFHxS exposure to metabolic dysfunction like gestational diab...

Objective: The School Inner-City Asthma Intervention Study 2 (SICAS 2) tested interventions to reduce exposures in classrooms of students with asthma. The objective of this post-hoc analysis was limited to evaluating the effect of high-efficiency particulate (HEPA)...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a diverse set of commercial chemicals widely detected in humans and the environment. However, only a limited number of PFAS are associated with epidemiological or experimental data for hazard identification. To provide developmental ...