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Records with

  • Organization = [ORD-NHSRC]
  • Keyword = 'water security'.
Records 1 to 25 of 347

2021
Decontamination of urban surfaces contaminated with radioactive materials and consequent onsite recycling of the waste water
(JOURNAL) [Published : Feb 04, 2021]
Enhancing rapid remediation strategies is paramount for recovery after a large-scale nuclear contamination event in an urban environment. Some current strategies recommend use of readily available equipment, materials, and facilities to expedite recovery. For example, applying pr...
Functional resilience of activated sludge exposed to Bacillus globigii and bacteriophage MS2
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 17, 2021]
This study evaluated the effect of two biocontaminant surrogates on the activity and performance of activated sludge. In the presence of bacteriophage MS2 at 3.2 × 108 PFU/ml, the peak respiration rates varied between 9.1 and 10.5 mg O2/gVSS/hr, generally similar to the rates obs...
2020
Adsorption of bacteriophage MS2 to colloids: Kinetics and particle interactions
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 20, 2020]
Virus adsorption to colloidal particles is an important issue in the water quality community. Namely, if viruses can quickly and strongly associate to colloids, this can potentially lead to significant implications for management of biohazardous wastes at water resource recovery ...
2019
A case study of cesium sorption onto concrete materials and evaluation of wash agents: Implications for wide area recovery
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 01, 2019]
The sorption and desorption properties of radionuclides onto common building materials such as concrete are critical factors in the improvement of techniques for mitigating a release of nuclear or radiological material to the urban environment. A potential option for the early p...
Chlorine and monochloramine disinfection of Legionella pneumophila colonizing copper and PVC drinking water biofilms
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 25, 2019]
Building water systems (BWSs) promote the regrowth and survival of opportunistic pathogens, such as Legionella pneumophila, especially within biofilms (BFs), where most drinking water (DW) microbes reside. However, compared to their planktonic (PL) form, disinfection efficacy fo...
Decontamination of Bacillus Spores from Drinking Water Infrastructure with Physical Removal (Pigging) and Assessment of Pipe Relining Technologies
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Sep 16, 2019]
The objectives of this project were to evaluate the effectiveness of: (1) a physical scouring (pigging) technology for removing Bacillus globigii spores following intentional contamination of the Water Security Test Bed (WSTB). First responders and decision makers managing a wate...
Development of a Rapid Viability Polymerase Chain Reaction Method for Detection of Yersinia pestis in Water
(JOURNAL) [Published : May 13, 2019]
Due to the occurrence of natural plague outbreaks and its historical usage as a biological weapon, Yersinia pestis is considered one of the high-priority biological threat agents. It can remain viable in certain environments including water for more than 100 days. The Rapid Viabi...
Evaluating Solid Sorbents for Recycling Wash Waters Containing Strontium and Calcium
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 01, 2019]
A radiological release from a radiological dispersal device (RDD) or an improvised nuclear device (IND) has the potential to contaminate a vast area both near the dispersal epicenter and via atmospheric deposition of small particles containing the more volatile contaminants. Rapi...
Full-Scale Decontamination of Bacillus Spores from Drinking Water Infrastructure
(SUMMARY) [Published : May 22, 2019]
The drinking water distribution system is vulnerable to contamination, which presents challenges to maintaining good water quality and ensuring water availability. Decontamination of drinking water systems, following an intentional contamination incident or a natural disaster, is...
Future of Water Distribution Modeling and Data Analytics Tools
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Oct 01, 2019]
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for helping communities prepare for and recover from disasters that result in threats to public health and the environment. EPA’s National Homeland Security Research Center’s (NHSRC) mission is to focus on the research...
High Pressure Decontamination of Building Materials During Radiological Incident Recovery
(JOURNAL) [Published : Nov 01, 2019]
High pressure decontamination of certain surface building materials is concluded to be a promising rapid, readily available response technique, with the data from this study informing its practical implementation. Removal efficacy of radionuclides from concrete are high when perf...
Numerical Model for Decontamination of Organic Contaminants in Polyethylene Drinking Water Pipes in Premise Plumbing by Flushing
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 01, 2019]
Polymeric materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene are used extensively for drinking water applications. These materials are subject to permeation by organic compounds, such as those found in petroleum products and industrial chemicals, which can result in water quality i...
Quantifying hydraulic and water quality uncertainty to inform sampling of drinking water distribution systems
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 01, 2019]
Sampling of drinking water distribution systems is performed to satisfy regulatory requirements but also to respond to customer complaints or emergency situations. Water distribution system modeling techniques can be used to plan and inform sampling strategies; however, a high de...
The Use of Hollow Fiber Dialysis Filters Operated in Axial Flow Mode for Recovery of Microorganisms in Large Volume Water Samples with High Loadings of Particulate Matter
(JOURNAL) [Published : Apr 05, 2019]
The objective of this study was to evaluate axial flow hollow fiber ultrafiltration (HFUF) in the recovery of target organisms in large volumes of turbid water that would be similar to water encountered in the cleanup of a biologically contaminated area such as the B. anthracis c...
Tools to Expedite an Urban Radiological Recovery Effort
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Sep 24, 2019]
Presentation; The study was devised to connect emergency management and homeland security offices at the city, state, and federal agencies and discuss the availability and potential response capabilities of equipment reserves.
2018
Decontamination of Bacillus Spores from Drinking Water Infrastructure with Physical Removal (Pigging)
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Sep 25, 2018]
This report summarizes the results of biological decontamination experiments performed at the WSTB focused on removing Bacillus globigii spores adhered to the inner surface of the 8-inch water pipe. B. globigii spores are a non-pathogenic surrogate for B. anthracis, which is the...
Development of a Rapid Viability-PCR Method for Detection of Francisella tularensis in Water Samples
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : May 10, 2018]
Slide Presentation -Francisella tularensis is a Category One select agent and causes Tularemia infection. It can survive for a long time in water. The RV-PCR method will help rapid detection during an intentional (bioterrorism) or accidental contamination of drinking water system...
Direct aqueous injection of the fluoroacetate anion in potable water for analysis by liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry
(JOURNAL) [Published : Oct 29, 2018]
Journal Article describes the analysis of sodium fluoroacetate by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Four different drinking waters contaminated with the target analyte were evaluated.
Disinfection and flushing of aircraft water systems
(SUMMARY) [Published : Dec 31, 2018]
This project focused on identifying the bacteria that are the potential sources of positive total coliform assays, on locating potential hotspots for bacterial colonization within aircraft plumbing materials, and on investigating the effectiveness of the airline industry’s curren...
Electrolyte Selection and Microbial Toxicity for Electrochemical Oxidative Water Treatment Using a Boron-doped Diamond Anode to Support Site Specific Contamination Incident Response
(JOURNAL) [Published : Apr 06, 2018]
This journal article study addresses such concerns by demonstrating successful boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrochemical advanced oxidation process (AOP) pre-treatment for contaminated waters prior to discharge to wastewater treatment facilities.
Electrophoretic mobility of Legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 to 14
(JOURNAL) [Published : Mar 16, 2018]
Journal Article
Evaluation of and environmentally sustainable UV-assisted water treatment system for removal of Bacillus spores in water
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 29, 2018]
In both developing and industrialized nations, a growing number of contaminants are entering water supplies from human activities. In addition, the events of September 11, 2001, in the United States have raised concerns about the potential for intentional contamination of water s...
Exposure Pathways to High-Consequence Pathogens in the Wastewater Collection and Treatment Systems
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Aug 01, 2018]
Report--Provides information and a screening tool to perform an exposure assessment for emerging pathogens in wastewater systems
Mass Imbalances in EPANET Water-quality Simulations
(JOURNAL) [Published : Apr 06, 2018]
This journal article examines EPANET, which is widely employed to simulate water quality in water distribution systems. However, the time-driven simulation approach used to determine concentrations of water-quality constituents provides accurate results, in general, only for smal...
Municipal and commercial equipment for radiological response and recovery in an urban environment: state of science, research needs, and evaluation of implementation towards critical infrastructure resilience
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : May 01, 2018]
During the immediate, emergency phase of a response, it will be impossible to initiate activities other than establishing life-saving operations and securing a site for the safety of the public and first responders. This report contains a comprehensive list of proposed equipment ...