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Computational fluid dynamics simulations are used to model the velocity field and the transport of a passive scalar within a micro-scale chamber used to measure diffusional transport through various building materials.&nbsp; Comparisons of solutions obtained using a steady, lamin...

Finished water storage facilities are tanks or reservoirs used to store water that will undergo no further treatment to reduce microbial pathogens. Storage tanks are vulnerable to contamination and excess water retention time may cause depletion of disinfectant residual which cre...

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised interest in using chemical air treatments as part of a strategy to reduce the risk of disease transmission, but more information is needed to characterize their efficacy at scales translatable to applied settings and to develop methods for evaluat...

Abstract: Individuals with psychosocial stress often experience an exaggerated response to air pollutants. Ozone (O3 ) exposure has been associated with the activation of the neuroendocrine stress-response system. We hypothesized that preexistent mild chronic stress plus social i...

Introduction:&nbsp;As a lifestyle factor, poor sleep status is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and may be influenced by environmental stressors, including air pollution. Methods:&nbsp;To determine whether exposure to air pollution modified cardio...

During the immediate, emergency phase of a response to a radiological dispersal device (RDD), an improvised nuclear device (IND), or accidental radiological release, emergency responders may be exposed to radioactivity due to inhalation and direct contact. It is important to mini...

Climate change poses a serious threat to human health worldwide, while aging populations increase. However, no study has ever investigated the effects of air temperature on epigenetic age acceleration. This study involved 1,725 and 1,877 participants from the population-based KOR...

Acrolein and trichloroethylene (TCE) are considered priority hazardous air pollutants due to associations with cardiopulmonary health effects; however, acute neuroendocrine stress-related systemic reactions are not fully characterized. Employing acrolein, a potent airway irritant...

Ultraviolet-C (UVC) radiation has long been used to disinfect air, water, and surfaces. The COVID-19 pandemic has recently raised interest in using UVC devices as an alternative approach for disinfecting surfaces and materials, as an increasing number of UVC devices come to marke...

Exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with an increased risk of adverse human health effects. As more attention is brought to bear on the problem of PM, traditional in vivo models struggle to keep up with the risk assessment challenges posed by the count...

While redox processes play a vital role in maintaining intracellular homeostasis by regulating critical signaling and metabolic pathways, supra-physiological or sustained oxidative stress can lead to adverse responses or cytotoxicity. Inhalation of ambient air pollutants such as ...

Higher air temperature is associated with increased age-related morbidity and mortality. To date, short-term effects of air temperature on leucocyte telomere length have not been investigated in an adult population. We aimed to examine the short-term associations between air temp...

Background Mold sensitization and exposure are associated with asthma severity, but the specific species that contribute to difficult-to-control (DTC) asthma are unknown. Objective We sought to determine the association between overall and specific mold levels in the homes...

Air pollution has been associated with poor health outcomes and continues to be a risk factor for respiratory health in children. While higher particulate matter (PM) levels are associated with increased frequency of symptoms, lower lung function, and increase airway inflammation...

Exposure to ozone (O3) is associated with adverse respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes. Alterations in circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may contribute to the adverse vascular effects of O3 exposure through inter-cellular communication resulted from miRNAs&rsquo; post-transcripti...

Polylactic acid (PLA) filaments are widely used in fused filament fabrication (FFF) processes (3D printing). Filament additives such as metallic particles incorporated into PLA to modify functional and aesthetic features of print objects are becoming increasingly popular. However...

The scientific foundation for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) measurements in water, soils, sediments, biosolids, biota, and outdoor air has rapidly expanded, however, there are limited efforts devoted to developing analytical methods to measure vapor-phase PFAS in ind...

Non-targeted analysis (NTA) and suspect screening analysis (SSA) are powerful techniques that rely on high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and computational tools to detect and identify unknown or suspected chemicals in the exposome. Fully understanding the chemical exposome ...

The presence of chemicals causing significant adverse human health and environmental effects during end-of-life (EoL) stages is a challenge for implementing sustainable management efforts and transitioning towards a safer circular life cycle. Conducting chemical risk evaluation a...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of synthetic chemicals of concern that exhibit extreme persistence within the environment and physicochemical properties that are resistant to targeted degradation. Comprising substantial concentrations of PFASs, aqueous fil...

Extreme heat exposure can lead to premature death. Climate change is expected to increase the frequency, intensity, and duration of extreme heat events, resulting in many additional heat-related deaths globally, as well as changing the nature of extreme cold events. At the same t...

With the 2011 promulgation of the Mercury and Air Toxics Standards by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the successful negotiation by the United Nations Environment Programme of the Minamata Convention, global emissions of mercury (Hg) have declined in North America. ...

Air pollution can be a major public health concern in many cities throughout the world, especially elevated concentrations of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5).&nbsp; Exposure to PM2.5 can increase risks for numerous adverse health effects including lung cancer, lower-respi...

Direct exposure to household fine particulate air pollution (HAP) associated with the inefficient combustion of fuels (wood, charcoal, coal, crop residues, kerosene, etc.) for cooking, space-heating, and lighting is estimated to result in 2.3 (1.6-3.1) million premature yearly de...

Ecosystems downstream of mercury (Hg) contaminated sites can be impacted by both localized releases as well as Hg deposited to the watershed from atmospheric transport. Identifying the source of Hg in water, sediment, and fish downstream of contaminated sites is important for det...