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The rapid proliferation of solar energy adoption presents a substantial environmental challenge concerning end-of-life solar panels. A primary issue involves the presence of hazardous materials like cadmium and lead in these panels [2]. Proper handling and disposal of these toxic...

The authors designed and executed the integrated assessment modeling for the United States long-term strategy. They bring diverse expertise to the modeling and analysis of United States decarbonization.

If goals set under the Paris Agreement are met, the world may hold warming well below 2°C (1); however, parties are not on track to deliver these commitments (2), increasing focus on policy implementation to close the gap between ambition and action. Recently, the US government p...

Increasing salt production and use is shifting the natural balances of salt ions across Earth systems, causing interrelated effects across biophysical systems collectively known as freshwater salinization syndrome. In this Review, we conceptualize the natural salt cycle and synth...

For chemical and biological (CB) threat agents, thermal incineration is a likely treatment technology that would be used either on-site or off-site to destroy residual agents and to reduce the volume of the waste streams. Past experiments and operational performance have demonstr...

Tracer flux ratio (TFR) methodology performed at 15 active oil and natural gas production sites in Ohio County, West Virginia sought to quantify downwind emissions on several days in April 2018. In coordination with a production company, sites were randomly selected depending on ...

Methane directly contributes to air pollution, as an ozone precursor, and to climate change, generating physical and economic damages to different systems, namely agriculture, vegetation, energy, human health, or biodiversity. The methane-related damages to climate, measured as t...

Assessments of high-forcing climate scenarios provide unique insight into possible high-risk climate change impacts in the 21st century and beyond. Given rapid and ongoing societal changes (e.g., population growth, energy demand, technology, etc.), debates are increasing on the c...

Plastic growing demand and the increment in global plastics production have raised the number of spent plastics, out of which over 90% are either landfilled or incinerated. Both methods for handling spent plastics are susceptible to releasing toxic substances, damaging air, water...

The Energy Modeling Forum (EMF) 37 study on deep decarbonization and high electrification analyzed a set of scenarios that achieve economy-wide net-zero carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in North America by mid-century, exploring the implications of different technology evolutions, ...

In April of 2018, a two-week measurement campaign was conducted to characterize methane and other gas emissions from 15 unconventional oil and natural gas production sites (well pads targeting shale) operated by Southwestern Energy in Ohio County, West Virginia. The sites were su...

Improving estimates of the quantity and location of land use change (LUC) attributable to U.S. biofuel policy, and specifically the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) program, is critical for comprehensive evaluation of impacts on air and water quality, biodiversity, soil quality and ...

Remote locations, small communities, and extreme weather conditions prevent the installation or operation of piped sanitary sewers in many Alaska Native Villages (ANVs). Research was conducted to understand the technical feasibility of installing anaerobic digesters (ADs) in remo...

Altered fetal growth, which can occur due to environmental stressors during pregnancy, may program a susceptibility to metabolic disease. Gestational exposure to the air pollutant ozone is associated with fetal growth restriction in humans and rodents. However, the impact of this...

In April of 2018, an optical gas imaging (OGI) and full flow sampler (FFS) emissions measurement study of pneumatic controllers (PCs) at 15 oil and natural gas production sites in West Virginia was conducted. A total of 391 PC systems supporting 66 working wells were found. All w...

Different functions are used to account for turbulence strength in the atmospheric boundary layer for different stability regimes. These functions are one of the sources for differences among different atmospheric models' predictions and associated biases. Also, turbulence streng...

Experimental fenceline sensor pods (SPods) fitted with 30 second duration canister grab sampling (CGS) systems were deployed at a site near chemical facilities in Louisville, KY from June 4, 2018, to January 5, 2020. The objective of the study was to better understand lower cost ...

Swiss needle cast (SNC), caused by Nothophaeocryptopus gaeumannii, is a foliage disease of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), that reduces growth in native and exotic plantations worldwide. An outbreak began in coastal Oregon in the mid-1990’s and has persisted since that...

We derive the properties and demonstrate the desirability of a model-based method for estimating the spatially varying effects of covariates on a quantile function. By modeling the quantile function as a combination of I-spline basis functions and Pareto tail distributions, we al...

A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) combustion model, originally developed for the Department of Defense (DoD) to model the destruction of chemical warfare agents in demilitarization incinerators was modified to include C1-C3 fluorinated organic chemical reactions and kinetics co...

Recent ambient atmospheric measurements have detected highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) at many sites and are a consequence of autoxidation processes occurring at ambient temperatures. Monoterpenes in particular have a propensity to autoxidize although they exhibit a wid...

The effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) on the current obesity epidemic is a growing field of interest. Numerous EDCs have shown the potential to alter energy metabolism, which may increase the risk of obesity, in part, through direct actions on adipos...

The use of renewable biodiesel and additives diversifies transportation fuel supply. Combustion tests on neat ultra-low sulfur No.2 diesel (D100) and its blends with biodiesel and the n-butanol additive were conducted to investigate environmental impacts and tradeoffs in engine e...

In 2018, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 19867-1 “Harmonized laboratory test protocols” were released with the intent of establishing improved international comparability for data on cookstove air pollutant emissions, efficiency, safety, and d...

Personal exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from indoor sources including consumer products is an understudied public health concern. To develop and evaluate methods for monitoring personal VOC exposures, we performed a pilot study and examined time-resolved sensor-bas...