OLS : Record

RECORD NUMBER: 18 OF 1191

Main Title

A history of land application as a treatment alternative /

Author

Jewell, William J.; Seabrook, Belford L.

CORP Author

Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Municipal Construction Div.

Publisher

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,

Place Published

Washington

Year Published

1979

Report Number

EPA 430/9-79-012

Stock Number

PB-298 227

OCLC Number

27317917

Subjects

Irrigation; Sewage treatment; Water pollution abatement; History; Objectives; Law(Jurisprudence); Great Britain; United States; Cost analysis; Efficiency; Rivers; Standards; Area; Land reclamation; Public health; Europe; Farms; Bibliographies; Sanitation; Scotland; Foreign technology; Land application; Alternative planning; Sewage irrigation; Eutrophication

Subject Added Ent

Water--Pollution--United States--History.; Land treatment of wastewater--United States--History.; Sewage--Purification--Biological treatment

Internet Access

Description	Access URL
	http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPURL.cgi?Dockey=00000JJP.txt

Holdings

Library		Call Number	Additional Info	Location	Date Modified
EIAD		EPA 430/9-79-012		Region 2 Library/New York,NY	11/22/2002
EJBD	ARCHIVE	EPA 430-9-79-012		Headquarters Library/Washington,DC	02/02/2011
EJBD		EPA 430-9-79-012	c.1-2	Headquarters Library/Washington,DC	05/01/2013
EKAM		430/9-79/012		Region 4 Library/Atlanta,GA	11/22/1996
ELBD		EPA 430-9-79-012		AWBERC Library/Cincinnati,OH	07/09/2012
EOAD		EPA/430/9-79-012		Region 8 Technical Library/Denver,CO	11/14/2003

Collation

viii, 83 p. ill. ; 28 cm.

Abstract

The report describes why has land treatment been adopted in so few instances. This review was conducted to attempt to determine whether the history of land treatment could assist in explaining the reasons behind the apparent reluctance to use this wastewater treatment option, and to provide a basis of judging its future prospects. The approach to explain the major shifts that have occurred throughout the history of land treatment was to interweave the influences of social-public health concerns, legal issues, and technological developments. In ancient Greek and Roman times, public sanitation, the efficient removal of wastes by running water, and even land application of wastewaters were practiced. Shortly after this time and up until the early 1800's, public sanitation was almost non-existent. Wastewater treatment alternatives in use in Europe were being examined by the authorities in the U.S. in the 1890's. The image which they saw was characterized by increasing debates over the alternatives, numerous overloaded and poorly managed systems, and a rapidly developing water supply treatment technology. Today, over 3000 land treatment systems are in use in the U.S. and some have been effective for more than half a century. Surveys of land treatment system failures have shown that most convert from land treatment to discharge technology because of population expansion around the site, and not because of a failure of the renovation capability of the soil.

Notes

Technical report. "April 1979." "Richard E. Thomas, project officer." "EPA 430/9-79-012." Bibliography: p. 77-83.

Author Added Ent

Seabrook, Belford L.

Corporate Au Added Ent

United States. Environmental Protection Agency.

Title Ser Add Ent

MCD-40.

PUB Date Free Form

1979

Series Title Traced

MCD-40

Series Title Untraced

MCD-40

BIB Level

OCLC Time Stamp

20120702122349

Cataloging Source

OCLC/T

Language

eng

SUDOCS Number

EP 2.28:40

Origin

OCLC

Type

CAT

OCLC Rec Leader

01154cam 2200361Ia 45020

OLS : Record

RECORD NUMBER: 18 OF 1191

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